Bible in the Latin West

Margaret T. Gibson

Description

The Bible in the Latin West surveys the changes in the most important book in the western world, the Latin Bible. Dr. Gibson beings the survey in late antiquity, discussing the sumptuous volumes of the great senatorial houses of the fourth century and how they influenced the early great Bibles of northern Europe. The discussion then moves through the Carolingian period, with its increased interest in commentary to early vernacular versions, and goes on to reveal how in the eleventh and twelfth centuries the growing number of monastic and university readers made new demands on texts which led to the inclusion of glosses and other scholarly apparatus. Later, the combined influences of increased literacy and growing wealth among the population called for vernacular translations and devotional aids such as Books of Hours. Gibson completes the survey with a look at early printed Bibles. This is a useful volume for anyone being introduced to the firsthand study of texts and their transmission, as well as for graduate students in history, English, modern languages, classics, and religious studies, The Bible in the Latin West contains an introductory survey, 28 plates with facing descriptions and analyses, a glossary, and extensive bibliographic material.

Sujets

• Biblical Studies
• Biblical Reference
• Language Study
• Philosophie et théologie
• Idioma inglés
• English
• Christianity
• Religion
• Faith
• History
• Culture
• Anglais

Informations

• Publié par: University of Notre Dame Press
• Date de parution: 30 août 1993
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780268080716
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 11 Mo

Extrait

THE BIBLE IN THE LATIN WEST THE MEDIEVAL BOOK
Volume One
Editorial Board: Edward English (University of Notre Dame), Consuelo W. Dutschkc (University of Califor­
nia-Davis), David Ganz (University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill), Barbara Shailor (Bucknell University),
John Van Engen (University of Notre Dame). THE BIBLE IN THE LATIN WEST
Margaret T. Gibson
UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
NOTRE DAME LONDON Copyright © 1993 by
University of Notre Dame Press
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
All Rights Reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gibson, Margaret T
The Bible in the Latin West / Margaret T. Gibson.
p. cm. - (The Medieval book ; v. 1)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-268-00693-8 ( alk. paper)
1. Bible. Latin-Versions- History. 2. Bible- Manuscripts,
Latin. 3. Bible-Versions-I. Title. II. Series.
BS68.G534 1993
220.4'8'0902-dc20 92-56862
CIP
@ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements
of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper
for Printed Library Materials, ANS1 Z39.48-1984. CONTENTS
Preface vn
References and Abbreviations 1x
Introduction 1
List of Plates 1 7
Plates, Notes and Descriptions 19
A. Late Antiquity 19
B. The Carolingians 29
C. Vernacular Bibles 39
D. Monastic Bibles 49
E. The University Text 59
F. The New Literacy 69
G. The Bible in Print 79
Glossary 89
Indices 93
V PREFACE
The present volume is the first in a new series which addresses the codicology of texts; that
is, how and why does the appearance of a manuscript change over the centuries? What questions
should the student and scholar be prepared to ask to understand a manuscript in full? Where does
the illumination fit in? Habent sua Jata libelli. How much need we know of the later collections to
which a manuscript has belonged, on the way to its final niche in the Bodleian Library?
As to the Latin Bible, the story told here begins in the great senatorial libraries of the later
fourth century. None of these books has survived, but the principle of the sumptuous Pentateuch,
Gospels or the complete Bible - no expense spared - derives from that senatorial tradition. I have
kept to the 'straight' text of the Vulgate, with parallels in Greek and Hebrew, examples of vernacu­
lar versions, and some Latin commentary. Another book could be written on Latin and vernacular
paraphrases in prose and verse from Late Antiquity onwards, and yet another on 'the Bible in pic­
tures': the Biblia pauperum and the Bible moralisee. In the present volume illustration as such is less
important than the colored and decorated initials that alert the reader to new books and new chap­
ters in an age before the modern index.
I am indebted to the encouragement and guidance of many friends: among them Frarn;ois
Avril, Bruce Barker- Benfield, Maureen Boulton, Michelle Brown, Carlotta Dionisotti, Peter Ganz,
Anne Hudson, Kristian Jensen, Martin Kauffmann, Nigel Palmer, Clive Sneddon, Patricia Stirne­
mann. I am further indebted to the following libraries for permission to reproduce manuscripts
and early printed books that are in their care: Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Leiden; British
Library, London; The National Trust, London; Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich; University
of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana; Bodleian Library, Oxford; Christ Church, Oxford; Biblio­
theque Nationale, Paris; the William H. Scheide Princeton, New Jersey; Stonyhurst Col­
lege, Lancashire.
vu REFERENCES AND ABBREVIATIONS
In the descriptions accompanying the plates, abbreviated references are made to additional works
fully cited in the bibliographies attached to each plate.
Bischoff, Mittelalterliche B. Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien: ausgewahlte Aufsatze zur Schriftkunde und
Studien Literaturgeschichte, 3 vols. (Stuttgart, 1966-81).
BMC Catalogue of Books Printed in the XVth Century now in the British Museum, 12
vols. (London, 1908-85).
Cahn W. Cahn, Romanesque Bible Illumination (Cornell, 1982).
Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio medievalis (Turnhout, 1971- ). CCCM
CCSL Corpus Series latina (Turnhout, 1954- ).
Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum latinorum (Vienna, 1866- ). CSEL
EEMF Early English Manuscripts in Facsimile (Copenhagen, 1951- ).
Emden, BRUO A. B. Emden, A Biographical Register of the University of Oxford to A.D 1500,
3 vols. (Oxford, 195 7).
Emden, 1501-151-0 A. B. Emden, A Biographical Register of the University of Oxford 1501-151-0(Ox­
ford, 1974).
Fischer, Lateinische B. Fischer, Lateinische Bibelhandschriften imfriihen Mittelalter (Vetus Latina,
Bibelhandschriften 11; Freiburg, 1985).
Fischer, 'Alkuin-Bibeln' B. Fischer, 'Die Alkuin-Bibeln' in Lateinische Bibelhandschriften, pp. 203-403
( see also Die Bibel von Moutier-Grandval, British Museum Add. MS 1051-6, ed.
J. Duft et al. [Bern, 1971], pp. 49-98).
Fischer, 'Amiatinus' B. Fischer, 'Codex Amiatinus und Cassiodor' in Lateinische Bibelhandschriften,
pp. 9-34; rpt. from Biblische Zeitschrift NS 6 (1962) 5 7- 79.
Fischer, 'Bibelausgaben' B. Fischer, 'Bibelausgaben des fruhen Mittelalters' in Lateinische Bibelhand­
schriften, pp. 35-100, at 57-66 (rpt. from La Bibbia nell'alto medioevo [Setti­
mane di studio del Centro italiano di studi sull'alto medioevo 10, 26
aprile2 maggio 1962 (Spoleto, 1963)], pp. 519-600, at 545-57).
Fischer, 'Bibeltext' B. Fischer, 'Bibeltext und Bibelreform unter Karl dem Grossen' in La­
teinische Bibelhandschriften, pp. 102-202, rpt. from Karl der Grosse: Lebenswerk
IX und Nachleben. Band IL Das geistige Leben, ed. B. Bischoff (Diisseldorf, 1965),
pp. 156-216.
Goff F. R. Goff, Incunabula in American Libraries: A Third Census of Fifteenth-Century
Books Recorded in North Collections (New York, rpt. 1973).
Hain L. Hain, Repertorium bibliographicum, 4 vols. (Stuttgart, 1837; rpt. Milan,
1948). Supplement by W. A. Copinger, 3 vols. (London, 1895-1902; rpt.
Milan, 1950). Additions by D. Reichling, 2 vols. (Palermo, 1904; rpt. 1953).
Light, 'Versions' L. Light 'Versions et revisions du texte biblique', in Le Moyen Age et la
Bible, ed. P. Riche and G. Lobrichon (Bible de tous les temps, 4; Paris
1984), pp. 55-93.
Lowe E. A. Lowe, Codices latini antiquiores, 11 vols. and supplement (Oxford,
1934-71).
Mise en page ed. H.J. Martin and]. Vezin, Mise en page et mise en texte du livre manuscrit
(Paris, 1990).
Monde latin antique Le monde latin antique et la Bible, ed. J. Fontaine and C. Pietri (Bible de tous
les temps, 2; Paris, 1984).
Munk Olsen B. Munk Olsen and P. Petitmengin, 'Les bibliotheques et la transmission
des textes', in Vernet below, pp. 414-35.
Pacht and Alexander 0. Pacht and]. J. G. Alexander, Illuminated Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library
Oxford, 3 vols. (Oxford, 1966- 73).
Petitmengin, Amiatinus P. Petitmengin, 'Le Codex Amiatinus' in Mise en page, pp. 72-77. 'Les plus P. 'Les plus anciens manuscrits de la Bible latine' in Monde
anciens manuscrits' latin antique, pp. 89-12 7.
Petitmengin, 'Saint P. Petitmengin, 'La Bible de saint Louis' [ = Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale,
Louis' lat. 10426] in Mise en page, pp. 85-89.
PG J.-P. Migne, Patrologia graeca, 161 vols. and supplement (Paris, 185 7-1936).
PL J.-P. Migne, latina, 221 vols. and (Paris, 1844-1974).
Proctor R. G. C. Proctor, An Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum:
From the Invention of Printing to the Year MD. With Notes of Those in the Bodleian
Library, 2 vols. (London, 1898).
Quentin ed. H. Quentin et al., Biblia sacra iuxta latinam Vulgatam versionem (Rome,
1926- ) [latest volume 'Liber duodecim prophetarum', 1987].
Reynolds and Wilson L. D. Reynolds and N. G. Wilson, Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the
Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature, 3rd ed. (Oxford, 1991).
SC R. W. Hunt, F. Madan, H. H. E. Craster et al., A Summary Catalogue of
Western Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, 7 vols. (Oxford,
192253).
Stegmiiller, Repertorium F. Stegmiiller, Repertorium Biblicum Medii Aevi, 11 vols. (Madrid, 1950-80).
Verfasserlexikon Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters: Verfasserlexikon, ed. C. Stollinger- Loser
(Berlin/New York, 1978- ).
X