Eve and Adam

Description

A reader on the 2,000-year-old debate about the meaning of the story of Adam and Eve.

"The editors have performed a great service in making widely available a documentary history of the interpretation of the Eve and Adam story." —Publishers Weekly

"This fascinating volume examines Genesis 1-3 and the different ways that Jewish, Christian, and Muslim interpreters have used these passages to define and enforce gender roles. . . . a 'must' . . . " —Choice

"Wonderful! A marvelous introduction to the ways in which the three major Western religious traditions are both like, and unlike one another." —Ellen Umansky, Fairfield University

No other text has affected women in the western world as much as the story of Eve and Adam. This remarkable anthology surveys more than 2,000 years of Jewish, Christian, and Muslim commentary and debate on the biblical story that continues to raise fundamental questions about what it means to be a man or to be a woman. The selections range widely from early postbiblical interpretations in the Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha to the Qur'an, from Thomas Aquinas to medieval Jewish commentaries, from Christian texts to 19th-century antebellum slavery writings, and on to pieces written especially for this volume.

Acknowledgments
General Introduction
1. Hebrew Bible Accounts
2. Jewish Postbiblical Interpretations (200s BCE-200 CE)
3. Rabbinic Interpretations (200-600s CE)
4. Early Christian Interpretations (50-450 CE)
New Testament (c. 50-150 CE)
Extracanonical Sources
Church Fathers
5. Medieval Readings: Muslim, Jewish, and Christian (600-1500 CE)
Islam
The Qur'an (c. 610-632)
Muslim Interpretations
Judaism
Midrashic Themes
Christianity
6. Interpretations from the Protestant Reformation (1517-1700 CE)
7. Societal Applications in the United States (1800s CE)
Antebellum Debates on Household Hierarchies
Women Make the Case for Equality
New Religious Movements on Gender Relations
8. Twentieth Century Readings: The Debates Continue
Hierarchical Interpretations
Egalitarian Interpretations
Appendix: The Preadamite Theory and the Christian Identity Movement: Race and Genesis 1-3 at the Turn of the Millennium
Index

Sujets

• Biblical Studies
• Biblical Interpretation
• Biblical Criticism
• Philosophie et théologie
• Religión
• General officer
• History of religions
• Religion
• General
• Cultural Studies
• History

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 15 mai 1999
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780253109033
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Eve Adam
Eve Adam
J EWISH , C HRISTIAN, AND M USLIM R EADINGS ON G ENESIS AND G ENDER

EDITED BY
Kristen E. Kvam, Linda S. Schearing and Valarie H. Ziegler
Indiana University Press
BLOOMINGTON AND INDIANAPOLIS
This book is a publication of
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1999 by Indiana University Press
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
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MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Eve and Adam : Jewish, Christian, and Muslim readings on Genesis and gender / edited by Kristen E. Kvam, Linda S. Schearing, and Valarie H. Ziegler.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-253-33490-X (cl. : alk. paper) - ISBN 0-253-21271-5 (pa. : alk. paper)
1. Bible. O.T. Genesis I-V-Commentaries. 2. Bible O.T. Genesis I-V-Criticism, interpretation, etc.-History. 3. Bible. O.T. Genesis I-V-Criticism, interpretation, etc., Jewish. 4. Bible. O.T. Genesis I-V-Islamic interpretations. 5. Bible. O.T. Genesis I-V-Feminist criticism. 6. Eve (Biblical figure) 7. Adam (Biblical figure) 8. Feminism-Religious aspects-Judaism. 9. Feminism-Religious aspects-Christianity. 10. Feminism-Religious aspects-Islam. I. Kvam, Kristen E. II. Schearing, Linda S. III. Ziegler, Valarie H., date.
BS1235.3.E87 1999
222 .1106 09-dc21 98-39873
ISBN 978-0-253-33490-9 (cl. : alk. paper)
ISBN 978-0-253-21271-9 (pbk. : alk. paper)
6 7 8 14 13 12 11
IN HONOR AND IN MEMORY OF THE BONDS OF SISTERHOOD
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND PERMISSIONS
General Introduction
CHAPTER ONE
Hebrew Bible Accounts
INTRODUCTION
GENESIS: SELECTIONS AND COMMENTARY
The Seven Days of Creation
A Garden in Eden
Sent from the Garden
Life after Eden
Adam s Descendants
CHAPTER TWO
Jewish Postbiblical Interpretations (200s BCE -200 CE )
INTRODUCTION
APOCRYPHA (DEUTEROCANON) AND PSEUDEPIGRAPHA
1 Enoch 1-36 (c. 200s BCE )
Sirach (c. 180 BCE )
Jubilees (c. mid-100s BCE )
Wisdom of Solomon (c. 30s BCE -100 CE )
2 Esdras (c. 100 CE )
2 Baruch (c. early 100s CE )
Life of Adam and Eve (c. late 100s-400 CE )
JEWISH PHILOSOPHERS AND HISTORIANS
Philo, Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin (c. 20s-40s CE )
Josephus, Jewish Antiquities (c. 90s CE )
CHAPTER THREE
Rabbinic Interpretations (200-600s CE )
INTRODUCTION
MIDRASH AND TALMUD
Humankind s Creation
The Disobedience
Adam and Eve after Eden
Humankind in the Post-Edenic World
TARGUMS
Targum Onqelos to Genesis (c. 100s CE )
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan: Genesis (pre-600 CE )
CHAPTER FOUR
Early Christian Interpretations (50-450 CE )
INTRODUCTION
NEW TESTAMENT
Egalitarian Texts
1 Corinthians 15:21-22
Galatians 3:27-28
Ephesians 4:22-24
Colossians 3:9-11
Hierarchical Texts
1 Corinthians 11:3-12
2 Corinthians 11:2-6
Ephesians 5:21-6:9
1 Timothy 2:8-15
EXTRACANONICAL SOURCES
The Gospel According to Thomas (c. 50-150 CE )
The Gospel According to Philip (pre-350 CE )
The Acts of Thecla (c. 100s CE )
CHURCH FATHERS
Theophilus, Apology to Autolycus (late 100s CE )
Anastasius Sinaita, Anagogicarum Contemplationum (c. 150-250 CE )
Tertullian, On the Apparel of Women (c. 202 CE )
Origen, Homilies on Genesis (c. 240 CE )
Ambrose, Paradise (c. 375 CE )
John Chrysostom, Homilies on Genesis (c. 386 CE )
Augustine, The Literal Meaning of Genesis (begun c. 401 CE )
CHAPTER FIVE
Medieval Readings: Muslim, Jewish, and Christian (600-1500 CE )
INTRODUCTION
ISLAM
The Qur an (c. 610-632 CE )
Surah 2, The Cow: 2:29-38, 222-23, 228
Surah 4, Women: 4:1, 3, 34-36, 116-20, 128-30
Surah 7, The Heights: 7:19-27, 189-90
Surah 15, Al-Hijr: 15:26-45
Surah 20, Ta Ha: 20:115-23
Surah 23, The Believers: 23:12-14
Surah 24, Light: 24:30-33
Surah 30, The Romans: 30:20-22
Surah 49, The Private Apartments: 49:13
Al-Tabari, Commentary on the Qur an (c. late 800s CE )
Al-Kisa i, The Tales of the Prophets of al-Kisa i (collected c. 1200 CE )
Ibn al-Arabi, The Bezels of Wisdom (c. 1200s CE )
JUDAISM
Midrashic Themes (c. 600-1300s CE )
The Creation of Lilith
Woman: God s Answer to God s Problem
Adam Had One Wife, Not Ten!
Prince Sammael and the Serpent
Adam: The Cause of Eve s Disobedience
Sammael and Eve Punished
The Children of Eve and Sammael
The Children of Adam and Lilith
The Children of Adam and Eve
Rashi, Commentary on the Pentateuch (c. late 1000s CE )
Nahmanides, Commentary on the Torah (c. 1200s CE )
Maimonides, The Guide for the Perplexed (c. late 1100s CE )
Isaac Kohen, A Treatise on the Left Emanation (c. 1200s CE )
The Zohar (c. late 1200s CE )
CHRISTIANITY
Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae (begun late 1260s CE )
Christine de Pizan, Letter of the God of Love (1399 CE )
Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger, Malleus Maleficarum (1496 CE )
CHAPTER SIX
Interpretations from the Protestant Reformation (1517-1700 CE )
INTRODUCTION
FIVE REFORMATION THINKERS
Balthasar Hubmaier, Freedom of the Will (1527 CE )
Martin Luther, Lectures on Genesis (begun 1535 CE )
John Calvin, Commentaries on the First Book of Moses Called Genesis (c. 1555 CE )
Margaret Fell, Women s Speaking: Justified, Proved, and Allowed of by the Scriptures (1666 CE )
John Milton, Paradise Lost (1667 CE )
CHAPTER SEVEN
Social Applications in the United States (1800s CE )
INTRODUCTION
ANTEBELLUM DEBATES ON HOUSEHOLD HIERARCHIES: PROSLAVERY AND ANTISLAVERY VIEWS
Fred A. Ross, Slavery Ordained of God (1857 CE )
Samuel B. How, Slaveholding Not Sinful (1856 CE )
Josiah Priest, Bible Defence of Slavery (1851 CE )
Rev. Charles Elliott, Sinfulness of American Slavery (1851 CE )
WOMEN MAKE THE CASE FOR EQUALITY
Sarah Grimk , Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Woman (1838 CE )
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, editor, The Woman s Bible (1895, 1898 CE )
NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS ON GENDER RELATIONS
Shakers
Frederick W. Evans, Autobiography of a Shaker (1888 CE ) and Compendium (1867 CE )
Paulina Bates, The Divine Book of Holy and Eternal Wisdom (1849 CE )
Oneida Community
John Humphrey Noyes, History of American Socialisms (1870 CE )
Christian Science
Mary Baker Eddy, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures (c. 1875 CE )
CHAPTER EIGHT
Twentieth-Century Readings: The Debates Continue
INTRODUCTION
HIERARCHICAL INTERPRETATIONS
Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood, The Danvers Statement (1987 CE )
Susan T. Foh, The Head of the Woman Is the Man (1989 CE )
Joseph H. Hertz, editor, The Authorized Daily Prayer Book (1945 CE )
Samuel H. Dresner, Homosexuality and the Order of Creation (1991 CE )
Sayyid Abu al-A la Mawdudi, Towards Understanding the Qur an (1942-1972 CE )
EGALITARIAN INTERPRETATIONS
Sun Ai Lee Park, Poem (Untitled) (c. 1991 CE )
Judith Plaskow, The Coming of Lilith: Toward a Feminist Theology (1979 CE ) and Lilith Revisited (1995 CE )
Phyllis Trible, Eve and Adam: Genesis 2-3 Reread (1973 CE ) and Not a Jot, Not a Tittle: Genesis 2-3 after Twenty Years (1995 CE )
Jouette M. Bassler, Deception in the Garden: 1 Timothy 2:11-15 (1994 CE )
Ann Holmes Redding, Not Again: Another Look at the Household Codes (1995 CE )
Riffat Hassan, The Issue of Woman-Man Equality in the Islamic Tradition (1993 CE )
Nancy Datan, Forbidden Fruits and Sorrow (1986 CE )
Appendix
THE PREADAMITE THEORY AND THE CHRISTIAN IDENTITY MOVEMENT: RACE, HIERARCHY, AND GENESIS 1-3 AT THE TURN OF THE MILLENNIUM
INTRODUCTION
NINETEENTH-CENTURY PREADAMITE APPROACHES
A Minister [D. G. Phillips], Nachesh: What Is It? or An Answer to the Question, Who and What Is the Negro? Drawn from Revelation (1868 CE )
Prospero, Caliban: A Sequel to Ariel (1868 CE )
GENESIS AND WHITE SUPREMACY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Wesley A. Swift, God, Man, Nations the Races (no date)
Richard G. Butler, Who, What, Why, When, Where: Aryan Nations (no date) and The Aryan Warrior (no date)
INDEX
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND PERMISSIONS
We are grateful to the people who have helped bring this anthology into being. The project started with-and has continued to be nurtured by-our students; we thank them for their concern for Genesis and gender. We also owe a debt of gratitude to the Indiana University Press staff (past and present)-to Bob Sloan, for grasping the u