Biology of the Sauropod Dinosaurs

Description

Exploring the mysteries of gigantism in the largest land creature that ever lived

Sauropods, those huge plant-eating dinosaurs, possessed bodies that seem to defy every natural law. What were these creatures like as living animals and how could they reach such uniquely gigantic sizes? A dedicated group of researchers in Germany in disciplines ranging from engineering and materials science to animal nutrition and paleontology went in search of the answers to these questions. Biology of the Sauropod Dinosaurs reports on the latest results from this seemingly disparate group of research fields and integrates them into a coherent theory regarding sauropod gigantism. Covering nutrition, physiology, growth, and skeletal structure and body plans, this volume presents the most up-to-date knowledge about the biology of these enormous dinosaurs.

List of Contributors
Preface
List of Institutional Abbreviations

Introduction
1. Sauropod Biology and the Evolution of Gigantism: What Do We Know? / Marcus Clauss

Part 1. Nutrition
2. Sauropod Feeding and Digestive Physiology / Jürgen Hummel and Marcus Clauss
3. Dietary Options for the Sauropod Dinosaurs from an Integrated Botanical and Paleobotanical Perspective / Carole T. Gee
4. The Diet of Sauropod Dinosaurs: Implications of Carbon Isotope Analysis on Teeth, Bones, and Plants / Thomas Tütken

Part 2. Physiology
5. Structure and Function of the Sauropod Respiratory System / Steven F. Perry, Thomas Breuer, and Nadine Pajor
6. Reconstructing Body Volume and Surface Area of Dinosaurs Using Laser Scanning and Photogrammetry / Stefan Stoinski, Tim Suthau, and Hanns-Christian Gunga
7. Body Mass Estimation, Thermoregulation, and Cardiovascular Physiology of Large Sauropods / Bergita Ganse, Alexander Stahn, Stefan Stoinski, Tim Suthau, and Hanns-Christian Gunga

Part 3. Construction
8. How to Get Big in the Mesozoic: The Evolution of the Sauropodomorph Body Plan / Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Regina Fechner, Kristian Remes, and Katrin Reis
9. Characterization of Sauropod Bone Structure / Maïtena Dumont, Anke Pyzalla, Aleksander Kostka, and Andras Borbély
10. Finite Element Analyses and Virtual Syntheses of Biological Structures and Their Application to Sauropod Skulls / Ulrich Witzel, Julia Mannhardt, Rainer Goessling, Pascal de Micheli, and Holger Preuschoft
11. Walking with the Shoulder of Giants: Biomechanical Conditions in the Tetrapod Shoulder Girdle as a Basis for Sauropod Shoulder Reconstruction / Bianca Hohn
12. Why So Huge? Biomechanical Reasons for the Acquisition of Large Size in Sauropod and Theropod Dinosaurs / Holger Preuschoft, Bianca Hohn, Stefan Stoinski, and Ulrich Witzel
13. Plateosaurus in 3D: How CAD Models and Kinetic-Dynamic Modeling Bring an Extinct Animal to Life / Heinrich Mallison
14. Rearing Giants: Kinetic-Dynamic Modeling of Sauropod Bipedal and Tripodal Poses / Heinrich Mallison
15. Neck Posture in Sauropods / Andreas Christian and Gordon Dzemski

Part 4. Growth
16. The Life Cycle of Sauropod Dinosaurs / Eva-Maria Griebeler and Jan Werner
17. Sauropod Bone Histology and Its Implications for Sauropod Biology / P. Martin Sander, Nicole Klein, Koen Stein, and Oliver Wings

Part 5. Epilogue
18. Skeletal Reconstruction of Brachiosaurus brancai in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin: Summarizing 70 Years of Sauropod Research / Kristian Remes, David M. Unwin, Nicole Klein, Wolf-Dieter Heinrich, and Oliver Hampe

Appendix: Compilation of Published Body Mass Data for a Variety of Basal Sauropodomorphs and Sauropods
Index

Sujets

• Sciences de la nature
• Biologie
• Life Sciences
• Sciences et techniques
• Biology
• Paleontology
• Evolution
• Animals
• 454 Life Sciences
• Science

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 22 avril 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 3
• EAN13: 9780253013552
• Langue: English

Extrait

BIOLOGY OF THE
SAUROPOD DINOSAURS
LIFE OF THE PAST
James O. Farlow, editor
BIOLOGY OF THE
SAUROPOD DINOSAURS
Understanding the Life of Giants
EDITED BY
NICOLE KLEIN
KRISTIAN REMES
CAROLE T. GEE
P. MARTIN SANDER

Indiana University Press
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2011 by Indiana University Press
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No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs : understanding the life of giants / edited by Nicole Klein ... [et al.].
p.cm. - (Life of the past)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-253-35508-9 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Saurischia.
I. Klein, Nicole, [date]
QE862.S3B56 2011
567.913-dc22
2010046735
1 2 3 4 5 16 15 14 13 12 11
CONTENTS
List of Contributors
Preface
List of Institutional Abbreviations
INTRODUCTION
1. Sauropod Biology and the Evolution of Gigantism: What Do We Know? / MARCUS CLAUSS
PART 1 NUTRITION
2. Sauropod Feeding and Digestive Physiology / J RGEN HUMMEL AND MARCUS CLAUSS
3. Dietary Options for the Sauropod Dinosaurs from an Integrated Botanical and Paleobotanical Perspective / CAROLE T. GEE
4. The Diet of Sauropod Dinosaurs: Implications of Carbon Isotope Analysis on Teeth, Bones, and Plants / THOMAS T TKEN
PART 2 PHYSIOLOGY
5. Structure and Function of the Sauropod Respiratory System / STEVEN F. PERRY, THOMAS BREUER, AND NADINE PAJOR
6. Reconstructing Body Volume and Surface Area of Dinosaurs Using Laser Scanning and Photogrammetry / STEFAN STOINSKI, TIM SUTHAU, AND HANNS-CHRISTIAN GUNGA
7. Body Mass Estimation, Thermoregulation, and Cardiovascular Physiology of Large Sauropods / BERGITA GANSE, ALEXANDER STAHN, STEFAN STOINSKI, TIM SUTHAU, AND HANNS-CHRISTIAN GUNGA
PART 3 CONSTRUCTION
8. How to Get Big in the Mesozoic: The Evolution of the Sauropodomorph Body Plan / OLIVER W. M. RAUHUT, REGINA FECHNER, KRISTIAN REMES, AND KATRIN REIS
9. Characterization of Sauropod Bone Structure / MA TENA DUMONT, ANDRAS BORB LY, ALEKSANDER KOSTKA, P. MARTIN SANDER, AND ANKE KAYSSER-PYZALLA
10. Finite Element Analyses and Virtual Syntheses of Biological Structures and Their Application to Sauropod Skulls / ULRICH WITZEL, JULIA MANNHARDT, RAINER GOESSLING, PASCAL DE MICHELI, AND HOLGER PREUSCHOFT
11. Walking with the Shoulder of Giants: Biomechanical Conditions in the Tetrapod Shoulder Girdle as a Basis for Sauropod Shoulder Reconstruction / BIANCA HOHN
12. Why So Huge? Biomechanical Reasons for the Acquisition of Large Size in Sauropod and Theropod Dinosaurs / HOLGER PREUSCHOFT, BIANCA HOHN, STEFAN STOINSKI, AND ULRICH WITZEL
13. Plateosaurus in 3D: How CAD Models and Kinetic-Dynamic Modeling Bring an Extinct Animal to Life / HEINRICH MALLISON
14. Rearing Giants: Kinetic-Dynamic Modeling of Sauropod Bipedal and Tripodal Poses / HEINRICH MALLISON
15. Neck Posture in Sauropods / ANDREAS CHRISTIAN AND GORDON DZEMSKI
PART 4 GROWTH
16. The Life Cycle of Sauropod Dinosaurs / EVA MARIA GRIEBELER AND JAN WERNER
17. Sauropod Bone Histology and Its Implications for Sauropod Biology / P. MARTIN SANDER, NICOLE KLEIN, KOEN STEIN, AND OLIVER WINGS
PART 5 EPILOGUE
18. Skeletal Reconstruction of Brachiosaurus brancai in the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin: Summarizing 70 Years of Sauropod Research / KRISTIAN REMES, DAVID M. UNWIN, NICOLE KLEIN, WOLF-DIETER HEINRICH, AND OLIVER HAMPE

Appendix: Compilation of Published Body Mass Data for a Variety of Basal Sauropodomorphs and Sauropods
Index
CONTRIBUTORS
Andras Borb ly
Abteilung f r Werkstoffdiagnostik und Technologie der St hle, Max-Planck-Institut f r Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 D sseldorf, Germany; [e-mail]
Thomas Breuer
Institut f r Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit t Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Andreas Christian
Institut f r Biologie und Sachunterricht und ihre Didaktik, Universit t Flensburg, Auf dem Campus 1, 24943 Flensburg, Germany; [e-mail]
Marcus Clauss
Klinik f r Zoo-, Heim- und Wildtiere, Vetsuisse-Fakult t, Universit t Z rich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Z rich, Switzerland; [e-mail]
Ma tena Dumont
Abteilung f r Werkstoffdiagnostik und Technologie der St hle, Max-Planck-Institut f r Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 D sseldorf, Germany; [e-mail]
Gordon Dzemski
Institut f r Biologie und Sachunterricht und ihre Didaktik, Universit t Flensburg, Auf dem Campus 1, 24943 Flensburg, Germany; [e-mail]
Regina Fechner
Institut f r Zoologie und Neurobiologie, Ruhr-Universit t Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; [e-mail]
Bergita Ganse
Schwerpunkt Unfallchirurgie, Klinik f r Orthop die und Unfallchirurgie, Universit t zu K ln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50924 K ln, Germany; [e-mail]
Carole T. Gee
Steinmann-Institut f r Geologie, Mineralogie und Pal ontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit t Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Rainer Goessling
Arbeitsgruppe Biomechanik, Fakult t f r Maschinenbau, Ruhr-Universit t Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; [e-mail]
Eva Maria Griebeler
Abteilung kologie, Zoologisches Institut, Universit t Mainz, Postfach 3980, 55099 Mainz, Germany; [e-mail]
Hanns-Christian Gunga
Institut f r Physiologie, Charit -Universit tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Oliver Hampe
Museum f r Naturkunde-Leibniz-Institut f r Evolutions-und Biodiversit tsforschung an der Humboldt-Universit t zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Wolf-Dieter Heinrich
Museum f r Naturkunde-Leibniz-Institut f r Evolutions-und Biodiversit tsforschung an der Humboldt-Universit t zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Bianca Hohn
Institut f r Zoologie und Neurobiologie, Ruhr-Universit t Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; [e-mail]
J rgen Hummel
Institut f r Tierwissenschaften, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit t Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Anke Kaysser-Pyzalla
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f r Materialien und Energie, Lise-Meitner Campus, Glienicker Stra e 100, 14109 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Nicole Klein
Steinmann-Institut f r Geologie, Mineralogie und Pal ontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Aleksander Kostka
Abteilung f r Werkstoffdiagnostik und Technologie der St hle, Max-Planck-Institut f r Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 D sseldorf, Germany; [e-mail]
Heinrich Mallison
Museum f r Naturkunde-Leibniz-Institut f r Evolutions-und Biodiversit tsforschung an der Humboldt-Universit t zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Julia Mannhardt
Arbeitsgruppe Biomechanik, Fakult t f r Maschinenbau, Ruhr-Universit t Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; [e-mail]
Pascal de Micheli
Arbeitsgruppe Biomechanik, Fakult t f r Maschinenbau, Ruhr-Universit t Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; [e-mail]
Nadine Pajor
Institut f r Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit t Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Steven F. Perry
Institut f r Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit t Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Holger Preuschoft
Anatomisches Institut, Medizinische Fakult t, Ruhr-Universit t Bochum, Universit tsstra e 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany; [e-mail]
Oliver W. M. Rauhut
Bayerische Staatssammlung f r Pal ontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 M nchen, Germany; [e-mail]
Katrin Reis
Bayerische Staatssammlung f r Pal ontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 M nchen, Germany, [e-mail]
Kristian Remes
Steinmann-Institut f r Geologie, Mineralogie und Pal ontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany; current address: DFG, 53175 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
P. Martin Sander
Steinmann-Institut f r Geologie, Mineralogie und Pal ontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Alexander Stahn
Institut f r Physiologie, Charit -Universit tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Koen Stein
Steinmann-Institut f r Geologie, Mineralogie und Pal ontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany; [e-mail]
Stefan Stoinski
Computer Vision and Remote Sensing, Technische Universit t Berlin, Franklinstr. 28/29, 10587 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail]
Tim Suthau
Director of Imaging, M LLER-WEDEL GmbH, Rosengarten 10, 22880 Wedel, Germany; [e-mail]
Thomas T tken
Steinmann-Institut f r Geologie, Mineralogie und Pal ontol