Fossil Mammalia - Part I - The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S Beagle

Richard Owen

Description

First published in 1842, this vintage book contains part one of Charles Darwin's “The Zoology of The Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle”, a fascinating and detailed account of the research he did whilst aboard the HMS Beagle between 1832 and 1836—work that played a key role in the conception of his scientific theories on evolution and natural selection. This part concentrates on the fossils that he unearthed and studied from around the world, with descriptions and notes. Contents include: “Toxodon Platensis, Description of Cranium”, “Of Lower Jaw and Teeth”, “Macrauchenia Patachonica”, “Cervical Vertebrae”, “Lumbar Vertibrae”, “Scapula”, “Antibrachium and Fore-foot”, “Femur”, “Tibia, Astragalus, and Metatarsal Bone”, “Glossotherium”, etc. Charles Robert Darwin (1809 – 1882) was an English geologist, naturalist, and biologist most famous for his contributions to the science of evolution and his book “On the Origin of Species” (1859). Many vintage books such as this are increasingly scarce and expensive. We are republishing this volume now in an affordable, modern, high-quality edition complete with the original text and artwork.

Sujets

• Zoologie
• Science
• Zoology
• Sciences et techniques
• Mammals
• Life Sciences

Informations

• Publié par: Read Books Ltd.
• Date de parution: 01 mai 2019
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781528787000
• Langue: English

Extrait

THE ZOOLOGY of the VOYAGE OF H.M.S. BEAGLE.
UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPTAIN FITZROY. DURING THE YEARS 1832 TO 1836. FOSSIL MAMMALIA PART I
By
RICHARD OWEN, ESQ. F.R.S
Edited and Superintended by
CHARLES DARWIN, ESQ. M.A. F.R.S. SEC. G.S.

First published in 1840


This edition published by Read Books Ltd. Copyright © 2019 Read Books Ltd. This book is copyright and may not be
reproduced or copied in any way without
the express permission of the publisher in writing
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library


Contents
Ch arles Darwin
Preface.
Geological I ntroduction.
Foss il Mammalia.
A Description Of The Cranium Of Toxodo n Platensis;
Description Of Parts Of The Skeleton Of Macrauchenia Patachonica;
Description Of A Fragment Of A Cranium Of An Extinct Mammal, Indicative Of A New Genus Of Edentata, And For Which Is Proposedthe Name Of Gl ossotherium.
Description Of A Mutilated Lower Jaw And Teeth, On Which Is Founded A Subgenus Of Megatherioid Edentata, Under The Name Of Mylodon.
Description Of A Considerable Part Of The Skeleton Of A Large Edentate Mammal, Allied To The Megatherium And Orycteropus, And For Which Is Proposed The Name Of Scelidotherium* Le ptocephalum.
Description Of A Mutilated Lower Jaw Of The Megalonyx Jeffersonii.
Description Of A Fragment Of The Skull And Of The Teeth Of The Megather ium Cuvieri.
Description Of Fragments Of Bones, And Of Osseous Tesselated Dermal Covering Of Lar ge Edentata.
Notice Of Fragments Of Molar Teeth Of A Mastodon.
Notice Of The Remains Of A Speci es Of Equus,
Description Of Remains Of Rodentia, Including The Jaws And Teeth Of An Extinct Species Of Ctenomys.


Illustrations
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Base of the Skull of Toxodon Platensis. Nat: Size. Published by Smith Elder & Co., 96, Cornh ill. London.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C Hallmandel. Side View of the Skull of Toxodon one third the N atural Size.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C Hallmandel. Top View of the Skull of the Toxodon. One third th e Nat: Size.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. 6th Grinder — Upper Jaw Nat: Size. Toxodo n Platensis.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Fragments of the lower Jaw and Teeth of a Toxodo n. Nat Size.
Nat: Size. G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Cervical Vertebræ of M acrauchenia.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel Nat: Size. Cervical Vertebræ of 1.2. Macrauchenia. 3. 4. Auchenia.
G. Scharf del et lith og. Lumbar Vertebræ; Macrauchenia. Fig. 1. Posterior View of last lumbar. Fig: 2. 3 & 4. Fourthlubar Vertebra . Nat: Size.
Lithog from Nature by G. Scharf. Macrauchenia. Fig. 1-2. Scapula Fi g. 3. Femur.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Proximal Extremity of anchylosed Ulna and Radius Macrauchenia. 2/ 3 Nat. Size.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel Bones of the right fore-foot, Macrauchenia. Fig 1, 2/3. 2-9 , Nat. Size.
Lithog from Nat by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Right Femur. M acrauchenia.
Lithog from Nat. by G. Scharf. Printed by C Hallmandel. Macrauchenia. Right Tibia and Fibula. — Fig. 2-4 2/ 3 Nat. Size.
Lithog from Nature by G. Scharf. Right Astragalus. Macrauchenia . Nat. Size.
Lithog from Nature by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Macrauchenia. Fig: 1 Metatarsal. 2-5. Metacarpals . Nat. Size.
Lithog from Nature by G. Scharf. Printed by C Hallmandel. Fragment of the Cranium of the Glossotherium. 1/ 2 Nat. Size.
Fig. 3,4 Laurillard del. Fig 5 G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C Hallmandel. 1. Megalonyx Jeffersoni. 2. Meg laqueatus. 3,4 Mylodon Harlani. 5. M yl Darwinii.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Mylodon: 5/ 9 Nat. Size.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Mylodon. Fig: 1. 5/9 Nat: Size. Fig: 2.3.4 . Nat: Size.
Lithog. from Nature by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel.Scelidotherium. 1/ 3 Nat. Size.
G. Scharf del et lith og. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Scelidotherium. Fig: 1. & 2. 2/3 Nat: Size. Fig: 3-5 . Nat: Size.
Lithog. from Nat: by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Sce lidotherium.
Lithog. from Nature by G. Scharf. Cranial Cavity and Dentition of Scelidotherium . Nat: Size.
Lithog: from Nat: by G. Scharf. Cervical and Anterior dorsal Vertebræ. Fig: 1. Scelidothere. Fig: 2. Orycterope. Fig: 3. Armadillo. Fig: 4. Great Anteater. One thir d Nat: Size.
Lithog. from Nature by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel.Scelidotherium. 1/ 3 Nat: Size.
Lithog: from Nat: by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel.Left Astragalus. Fig 1.3.5. Megatherium: 1/3 Nat: Size. 2.4.6. Scelidotherium. 2/ 3 Nat: Size.
Lith. from Nat. by G. Sch arf. Scelidot herium. Fig: 1. 2. 2/3 Nat: Size. 3.4. 5 Nat: Size.
Lithog. fro m Nat. by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Left Astragalus. Fig. 1. Megatherium. 1/3 Nat. Size. Fig. 2. Scelidotherium. 2/3 Nat. Size. Fig. 3-6. Mylodon. ? 2/ 3 Nat. Size.
L ithog. from N at. by G. Scha rf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Lower Jaw of Megalonyx. Fig: 1. 2/3 Fig: 2 . Nat: Size.
Lithog. from Nat. by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Megatherium. 1/2 . Nat: Size.
G. Scharf del et lithog. Printed by C. Hallmandel. Section of the superior maxillary teeth,Megatherium. 3/ 4 Nat. Size.
Lithog. from Nat: by G. Scharf. Printed by C. Hallmandel. 1. Megatherium. 2-5 Hoplophorus. 6-12. Ctenomys. 1 3-14. Equus.


Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809, in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK. He is best known for his pioneering work in evolutionary theory; establishing that all species of life have descended from common ancestors through a process of ‘natural selection’. This theory of evolution was published in the 1859 book, On the Origin of Species, a text which has become a seminal work of mode rn science.
Darwin was the fifth of six children of the wealthy society doctor and financier Robert Darwin, and his wife Susannah Darwin ( née Wedgwood). He was the grandson of two prominent abolitionists: Erasmus Darwin on his father's side, and Josiah Wedgwood on his mother's side. Darwin spent his early education in the local Shrewsbury School as a boarder, before moving to Edinburgh in 1825 to study medicine at the University. Darwin’s early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical studies however. He found the medical lectures dull, and the surgery distressing. Instead, he helped investigate marine invertebrates in the Firth of Forth with Robert Edmond Grant. This neglect of medical studies annoyed his father, who sent Darwin to Christ's College, Cambridge , in order to undertake a Bachelor of Arts degree - as the first step towards becoming an Anglican parson. As Darwin was unqualified for the Tripos , he joined the ordinary degree course in January 1828. He successfully graduated in 1831, but continued his investigations into the natural world, particularly partaking in the popular craze for beetle collecting. On his graduation, Darwin was invited to join the voyage of the HMS Beagle, with Capt ain Robert FitzRoy - a journey which lasted almost five years and traversed the globe. The journal of this voyage on the HMS Beagle (published in 1839) established Darwin as a popular author; he detailed his time spent investigating geology and making natural history collections whilst on land. He kept careful notes of his observations and theoretical speculations, and at intervals during the voyage his specimens were sent to Cambridge University. When the Beagle reached Falmouth, Cornwall, on 2 October 1836, Darwin was already a celebrity in scientific circles. Puzzled by the geographical distribution of wildlife and fossils he collected on the voyage, Darwin began detailed investigations in 1838 – leading to the conception of his theory of natural selection. Although he discussed his ideas with several naturalists, Darwin needed time for extensive research and his geological work had priority. He was in the process of writing up his theory in 1858 when Alfred Russell Wallace sent him an essay which described the same idea, prompting the immediate joint publication of both of th eir papers.
Despite repeated bouts of illness during the last twenty-two years of his life, Darwin's work continued. Having published On the Origin of Species as an abstract of his theory in 1859, he pressed on with experiments, research, and the writing of what he saw as his magnum opus. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication of 1868 was the first part of Darwin's planned ‘big book’, and included his unsuccessful hypothesis of pangenesis; an attempt to explain heredity. It was a moderate commercial success and was translated into many languages. This was followed by a second part, on natural selection, but it remained unpublished in his lifetime.
Darwin also examined human evolution in specific, and wrote on sexual selection in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex (1871) . This text was shortly followed by The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, and a series of books on botany, including Insectivorous Plants, The Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom , and The Power of Movement in Plants . In his last book he returned to The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms (1881). By this time, Darwin’s health was failing however, and in 1882, he was diagnosed with ‘angina pectoris’; a disease of the heart. Darwin died shortly after this diagnosis, at Down House, Kent, on 19 April 1882, and was honoured with a major ceremonial funeral. He is buried at Westminster Abbey, close to John Herschel and Isaac Newton. As a result of his