Biological Anthropology and Ethics

Trudy R. Turner

Description

Biological anthropologists face an array of ethical issues as they engage in fieldwork around the world. In this volume human biologists, geneticists, paleontologists, and primatologists confront their involvement with, and obligations to, their research subjects, their discipline, society, and the environment. Those working with human populations explore such issues as who speaks for a group, community consultation and group consent, the relationship between expatriate communities and the community of origin, and disclosing the identity of both individuals and communities. Those working with skeletal remains discuss issues that include access to and ownership of fossil material. Primatologists are concerned about the well-being of their subjects in laboratory and captive situations, and must address yet another set of issues regarding endangered animal populations and conservation in field situations. The first comprehensive account of the ethical issues facing biological anthropologists today, Biological Anthropology and Ethics opens the door for discussions of ethical issues in professional life.
Acknowledgments

1. Introduction: Ethical Concerns in Biological Anthropology
Trudy R. Turner

2. Field Primatologists: Duties, Rights, and Obligations
Linda D. Wolfe

3. Studies of Primates in the Field and in Captivity: Similarities and Differences in Ethical Concerns
Leanne T. Nash

4. Habituating Primates for Field Study: Ethical Considerations for African Great Apes
Michele L. Goldsmith

5. Biological Samples in the Modern Zoological Park: A Case Study from the Bronx Zoo
Cathi Lehn

6. Commentary: Ethical Issues Surrounding the Use of Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research
Jay Kaplan

7. Ethical Issues in the Molding and Casting of Fossil Specimens
Janet M. Monge and Alan E. Mann

8. The Ethics of Bioarchaeology
Clarke Spenser Larsen and Phillip L. Walker

9. Ethical Issues in Forensic Anthropology
Heather Walsh-Haney and Leslie S. Lieberman

10. Commentary: A Discussion of Ethical Issues in Skeletal Biology
Susan C. Anton

11. Ethical Issues in Human Biology Behavioral Research and Research with Children
Sara Stinson

12. Institutional Review Boards: The Structural and Cultural Obstacles Encountered in Human Biological Research
Stacy Zamudio

13. Darkness in El Dorado: Claims, Counter-Claims, and the Obligations of Researchers
Trudy R. Turner and Jeffrey D. Nelson

14. A Case Study of Ethical Issues in Genetic Research: The Sally Hemings-Thomas Jefferson Story
Sloan R. Williams

15. Psychological and Ethical Issues Related to Identity and Inferring Ancestry of African Americans
Cynthia E. Winston and Rick A. Kittles

16. The Consent Process and aDNA Research: Contrasting Approaches in North America
Dennis H. O'Rourke, M. Geoffry Hayes, and Shawn W. Carlyle

17. Working with Ancient DNA: NAGPRA, Kennewick Man, and Other Ancient Peoples
Frederika A. Kaestle and David G. Smith

18. Commentary: Changing Standards of Informed Consent: Raising the Bar
Jonathan S. Friedlaender

19. Commentary: An Overview of Human Subjects Research in Biological Anthropology
Jeffrey C. Long

20. Commentary: Data Sharing and Access to Information
Trudy R. Turner

Appendix I. Code of Ethics of the American Anthropological Association

Appendix II. Code of Ethics of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists

List of Contributors

Index

Sujets

• Philosophy of science
• Anthropology

Informations

• Publié par: State University of New York Press
• Date de parution: 01 février 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780791484067
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Biological Anthropology and Ethics

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Biological Anthropology and Ethics

From Repatriation to Genetic Identity

E DITED BY T RUDY  R. T URNER

S U N Y P TATE NIVERSITY OF EW ORK RESS

Contents

Acknowledgments 1. Introduction: Ethical Concerns in Biological Anthropology Trudy R. Turner 2. Field Primatologists: Duties, Rights, and Obligations Linda D. Wolfe 3. Studies of Primates in the Field and in Captivity: Similarities and Differences in Ethical Concerns Leanne T. Nash 4. Habituating Primates for Field Study: Ethical Considerations for African Great Apes Michele L. Goldsmith 5. Biological Samples in the Modern Zoological Park: A Case Study from the Bronx Zoo Cathi Lehn 6. Commentary: Ethical Issues Surrounding the Use of Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research Jay Kaplan 7. Ethical Issues in the Molding and Casting of Fossil Specimens Janet M. Monge and Alan E. Mann 8. The Ethics of Bioarchaeology Clark Spencer Larsen and Phillip L. Walker 9. Ethical Concerns in Forensic Anthropology Heather Walsh-Haney and Leslie S. Lieberman 10. Commentary: A Discussion of Ethical Issues in Skeletal Biology Susan C. Antón

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Published by State University of New York Press, Albany

© 2005 State University of New York

All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.

For information, address State University of New York Press, 90 State Street, Suite 700, Albany, NY 12207

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Biological anthropology and ethics : from repatriation to genetic identity / edited by Trudy R. Turner. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7914-6295-1 (alk. paper) — ISBN 0-7914-6296-X (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Physical anthropology. 2. Anthropological ethics. 3. Human genetics—Moral and ethical aspects. 4. Human population genetics. 5. Human remains (Archaeology)—Repatriation. I. Turner, Trudy, R. 1950–

GN62.B55 2004 599.9—dc22

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

2004042981

In memory of my parents Harry and Fay Turner who survived a world where ethics were forgotten

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Contents

11. Ethical Issues in Human Biology Behavioral Research and Research with Children Sara Stinson 12. Institutional Review Boards: The Structural and Cultural Obstacles Encountered in Human Biological Research Stacy Zamudio

13. Darkness in El Dorado: Claims, Counter-Claims, and the Obligations of Researchers Trudy R. Turner and Jeffrey D. Nelson 14. A Case Study of Ethical Issues in Genetic Research: The Sally Hemings-Thomas Jefferson Story Sloan R. Williams 15. Psychological and Ethical Issues Related to Identity and Inferring Ancestry of African Americans Cynthia E. Winston and Rick A. Kittles 16. The Consent Process and aDNA Research: Contrasting Approaches in North America Dennis H. O’Rourke, M. Geoffry Hayes, and Shawn W. Carlyle 17. Working with ancient DNA: NAGPRA, Kennewick Man, and Other Ancient Peoples Frederika A. Kaestle and David G. Smith 18. Commentary: Changing Standards of Informed Consent: Raising the Bar Jonathan S. Friedlaender 19. Commentary: An Overview of Human Subjects Research in Biological Anthropology Jeffrey C. Long 20. Commentary: Data Sharing and Access to Information Trudy R. Turner Appendix I. Code of Ethics of the American Anthropological Association Appendix II. Code of Ethics of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists List of Contributors Index

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Acknowledgments

I am also indebted to the National Science Foundation for funding for the original symposium. I owe a special debt of gratitude to Mark Weiss for his continuing consultation. The reviewer’s comments were helpful and are grate- fully acknowledged. Michael Rinella, Diane Ganeles, and the editorial staff at SUNY Press have been helpful and gracious as they answered many ques- tion. I also thank Patricia Sloane-White and Jeffrey Nelson for their help with this project. My everlasting thanks go to Scott, David, and Micah for their patience and support.