Drawing on extensive and carefully designed ethnographic fieldwork in the Ferghana Valley region, where the state borders of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikizstan and Uzbekistan intersect, Madeleine Reeves develops new ways of conceiving the state as a complex of relationships, and of state borders as socially constructed and in a constant state of flux. She explores the processes and relationships through which state borders are made, remade, interpreted and contested by a range of actors including politicians, state officials, border guards, farmers and people whose lives involve the crossing of the borders. In territory where international borders are not always clearly demarcated or consistently enforced, Reeves traces the ways in which states' attempts to establish their rule create new sources of conflict or insecurity for people pursuing their livelihoods in the area on the basis of older and less formal understandings of norms of access. As a result the book makes a major new and original contribution to scholarly work on Central Asia and more generally on the anthropology of border regions and the state as a social process. Moreover, the work as a whole is presented in a lively and accessible style. The individual lives whose tribulations and small triumphs Reeves so vividly documents, and the relationships she establishes with her subjects, are as revealing as they are engaging. Border Work is a well-deserved winner of this year's Alexander Nove Prize.
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BORDER WORK
CULTURE AND SOCIETY AFTER SOCIALISM editedbyBruceGrantandNancyRies
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First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014
Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data Reeves, Madeleine, author. Border work: spatial lives of the state in rural Central Asia / Madeleine Reeves. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9780801449970 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 9780801477065 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Borderlands—Fergana Valley. 2. Ethnology—Fergana Valley. 3. Fergana Valley—Politics and government. 4. Fergana Valley— Ethnic relations. I. Title. DK855.4.R44 2014 958.7—dc23 2013036994
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Photos are by the author unless otherwise indicated.
As work on the manuscript comes to an end it is a pleasure to ac knowledge the many friends, colleagues, and interlocutors without whom this book would not have been possible. The initial idea for this book emerged over a decade ago when I was working at the American UniversityCentral Asia in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. This was a young, selfconsciously experimental, and uniquely stimulating environment in which to teach and research. Several onetime colleagues and students have become close scholarly collaborators and friends. For illuminating conversations at various stages of research I am grateful to Zulfia Abdullaeva, Abdujalil Abdurasulov, Mehrigul Ablezo va, Medina Aitieva, Gulnara Aitpaeva, Aida Alymbaeva, Michael Andersen, Nina Bagdasarova, NormaJo Baker, Aisalkyn Botoeva, Gulzat Botoeva, the late Aron Brudny, Aminat Chokobaeva, Bill Hansen, Gulnara Ibraeva, Dasha Isachenko, Emil Joroev, Shairbek Juraev, Anara Karagulova, Mirgul Kari mova, Anna Kirey, Russell Kleinbach, Martha Merrill, Valia Papoutsaki, Vanessa Ruget, Balihar Sangherra, Colin Spurway, Muzaffar Suleymanov, Chad Thompson, Bermet Tursunkulova, Burul Usmanalieva, Tom Wood, Amanda Wooden, and Tanya Yarkova. Vika Lavrova—student, colleague, and friend—left us too early and is dearly missed. ThebooktookinitialshapeattheUniversityofCambridge,whereNikolaiSsorinChaikov inspired and challenged me with his uncanny ability to make connections between material and across literatures. Piers Vitebsky and the Magic Circle Seminar fostered a supportive and creative environment in which to try out ideas. I am grateful to colleagues with whom I shared writ ing seminars, and in particular to the incisive feedback offered by Barbara Bodenhorn, Tod Hartman, Steven HughJones, Caroline Humphrey, Elena