Changing Face of Medicine

K. Boulis Ann, A. Jacobs Jerry

Description

The number of women practicing medicine in the United States has grown steadily since the late 1960s, with women now roughly at parity with men among entering medical students. Why did so many women enter American medicine? How are women faring, professionally and personally, once they become physicians? Are women transforming the way medicine is practiced? To answer these questions, The Changing Face of Medicine draws on a wide array of sources, including interviews with women physicians and surveys of medical students and practitioners. The analysis is set in the twin contexts of a rapidly evolving medical system and profound shifts in gender roles in American society. Throughout the book, Ann K. Boulis and Jerry A. Jacobs critically examine common assumptions about women in medicine. For example, they find that women's entry into medicine has less to do with the decline in status of the profession and more to do with changes in women's roles in contemporary society. Women physicians' families are becoming more and more like those of other working women. Still, disparities in terms of specialty, practice ownership, academic rank, and leadership roles endure, and barriers to opportunity persist. Along the way, Boulis and Jacobs address a host of issues, among them dual-physician marriages, specialty choice, time spent with patients, altruism versus materialism, and how physicians combine work and family. Women's presence in American medicine will continue to grow beyond the 50 percent mark, but the authors question whether this change by itself will make American medicine more caring and more patient centered. The future direction of the profession will depend on whether women doctors will lead the effort to chart a new course for health care delivery in the United States.

Sujets

• Sociologie, société et politique
• USA
• History of medicine
• États-Unis

Informations

• Publié par: Cornell University Press
• Date de parution: 15 juin 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780801463495
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

The Changing Face of Medicine

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The Changing Face of Medicine WOMEN DOCTORS AND THE EVOLUTION OF HEALTH CARE IN AMERICA

Ann K. Boulis Jerry A. Jacobs

ILR Press an imprint of Cornell University Press ITH ACA AND LONDON

Copyright © 2008 by Cornell University

All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.

First published 2008 by Cornell University Press

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data

Boulis, Ann K., 1968–  The changing face of medicine : women doctors and the evolution of health care in America /Ann K. Boulis, Jerry A. Jacobs.  p. cm. — (The culture and politics of health care work)  Includes bibliographical references and index.  ISBN 9780801444463 (cloth : alk. paper)  1. Women physicians—United States. 2. Medical care—United States. I. Jacobs, Jerry A., 1955–. II. Title. III. Series.  R692.B675 2008  610.82—dc22 2008019828

Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetablebased, lowVOC inks and acidfree papers that are recycled, totally chlorinefree, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu.

Cloth printing

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

This book is dedicated to our daughters, Sophia and Renie Harris and Elizabeth and Madeleine Jacobs

Contents

Acknowledgments

1 Introduction 2of an Evolving Profession Feminization 3 Applying for Change 4 The Gendered Map of Contemporary Medicine 5 Gender, Sorting, and Tracking 6 Work, Family, Marriage, and Generational Change 7Physicians Caring for Patients Women 8as a FamilyFriendly Profession? Medicine 9 Conclusion: A Prognosis for Gender and Medical Care

Appendix Notes Bibliography Index

i

x

1 15 41 65 86 113 132 153 187

213 229 235 261

Acknowledgments

T his project has had a long gestation, and consequently we have accu mulated many debts along the way. The research presented here has been funded by research grants from the Josiah H. Macy Foundation and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and a National Academy of Education PostDoctoral Fellowship for Ann Boulis funded by the Lyle M. Spencer Foundation. We are grateful to Dr. June Osborn, president of the Macy Foundation, and Dr. Cathy DeAngelis, editor of theJournal of the American Medical As sociation,played a central role in organizing the Macy Foundation who Conference in 2006 where the issues addressed in this book were discussed (Hager 2007). At Cornell University Press, Fran Benson has been very en couraging since the first outline of this project was put together some years ago. Sioban Nelson read several drafts of the manuscript and offered very thoughtful and detailed advice. We wish to acknowledge the valuable research assistance provided by Arielle Kuperberg, Terry Labov, Daniella Main, and Kristin Turney. Ruth Schwartz Cowan, Jason Schnittker, and Chloe Bird organized seminars and professional panels that gave us the opportunity to present some of our findings. Charles Bosk met with us shortly after the inception of this project and has provided collegial advice as we brought this study to fruition. We acknowledge the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) for sharing its data on entering and graduating students. The conclusions presented here are our own and do not reflect those of the AAMC. Similarly, we thank Linda Sax and William S. Korn at the UCLA Higher Education