Civilizing Globalization, Revised and Expanded Edition

Description

Is it possible to harness the benefits of economic globalization without sacrificing social equity, ecological sustainability, and democratic governance? The first edition of Civilizing Globalization (2003) explored this question at a time of widespread popular discontent. This fully revised and expanded edition comes at an equally crucial juncture. The period of relative stability and prosperity in the world economy that followed the release of the first edition ended abruptly in 2008 with a worldwide economic crisis that illustrated in dramatic fashion the enduring problems with our global order. Yet despite the gravity of the challenges, concrete initiatives for change remain insubstantial. Richard Sandbrook and Ali Burak Güven bring together international scholars and veteran activists to discuss in clear, nontechnical language the innovative political strategies, participatory institutional frameworks, and feasible regulatory designs capable of taming global markets so that they assume the role of useful servants rather than tyrannical masters.
List of Illustrations

Introduction: Envisioning a Civilized Globalization
Ali Burack Güven and Richard Sandbrook

Part I: Globalization: Encounters and Trends

1. The Economics of Globalization: Making Sense of the Conflicting Claims
Albert Berry

2. Crisis and the East-South Turn
Jan Nederveen Pieterse

3. The European Union, Globalization, and the Problem of Legitimacy
Dermot Hodson

4. Struggling with the Social Challenges of Globalization: Mexico, Chile, and South Korea
Judith Teichman

5. Poverty, Inequality, and Liberalization: A Tale of Two Indias
Mitu Sengupta

6. Globalization and Culture Wars: The Case of India
Anil Mathew Varughese

Part II: Devising Political Strategies for Civilizing Globalization

7. Paths to Civilizing Globalization
Robert O’Brien

8. How to Engage Globalization?
James H. Mittelman

9. Constructing Counter-Hegemonic Globalization: Braiding Mobilization and Linking Levels
Peter B. Evans

10. Globalization-from-Below: An Innovative Politics of Resistance
Richard A. Falk

Part III: Recasting Democracy and Transnational Cooperation

11. The Democratic State in a Global Economy
Louis W. Pauly

12. Democracy and Globalization
Frank Cunningham

13. The IMF and the World Bank: Meeting New Challenges
Ali Burak Güven

14. Development Assistance as if Poverty Really Matters
Cranford Pratt

Part IV: Regulating Markets for a Civilized Globalization

15. When Very Little Is Already Too Much: The Struggle for International Labor Standards
Frank Hoffer

16. Transnational Unionism in the Global South
Robert Lambert and Edward Webster

17. Protecting the Environment from Trade Agreements
Michelle Swenarchuk and Scott Sinclair

18. Financing the Transition to a Low-Carbon Future
Rodney R. White and Joseph Whitney

19. Financial Transactions Taxation: Curbing Speculation, Funding Global Public Goods
Joy Kennedy

20. Arts and Culture in World Trade: Promoting Cultural Diversity
Garry Neil

Conclusion: The Left, Globalization, and the Future
Richard Sandbrook

Contributors
Index

Sujets

• International relations
• Political economy

Informations

• Publié par: State University of New York Press
• Date de parution: 08 mai 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781438452111
• Langue: English

Extrait

Civilizing Globalization
Revised and Expanded Edition
SUNY series in Radical Social and Political Theory

Roger S. Gottlieb, Editor
Civilizing Globalization
A Survival Guide
Revised and Expanded Edition
Edited by
Richard Sandbrook and Ali Burak Güven
Published by State University of New York Press, Albany
© 2014 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.
For information, contact State University of New York Press, Albany, NY www.sunypress.edu
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Civilizing globalization : a survival guide / edited by Richard Sandbrook and Ali Burak Güven. — Revised and expanded edition. pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4384-5209-8 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Globalization. I. Sandbrook, Richard.
JZ1318.C58 2014
303.48'2—dc23
2013036278
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Illustrations
Introduction: Envisioning a Civilized Globalization
Ali Burak Güven and Richard Sandbrook
Part I: Globalization: Encounters and Trends
1. The Economics of Globalization: Making Sense of the Conflicting Claims
Albert Berry
2. Crisis and the East-South Turn
Jan Nederveen Pieterse
3. The European Union, Globalization, and the Problem of Legitimacy
Dermot Hodson
4. Struggling with the Social Challenges of Globalization: Mexico, Chile, and South Korea
Judith Teichman
5. Poverty, Inequality, and Liberalization: A Tale of Two Indias
Mitu Sengupta
6. Globalization and Culture Wars: The Case of India
Anil Mathew Varughese
Part II: Devising Political Strategies for Civilizing Globalization
7. Paths to Civilizing Globalization
Robert O’Brien
8. How to Engage Globalization?
James H. Mittelman
9. Constructing Counter-Hegemonic Globalization: Braiding Mobilizations and Linking Levels
Peter B. Evans
10. Globalization-from-Below: An Innovative Politics of Resistance
Richard A. Falk
Part III: Recasting Democracy and Transnational Cooperation
11. The Democratic State in a Global Economy
Louis W. Pauly
12. Democracy and Globalization
Frank Cunningham
13. The IMF and the World Bank: Meeting New Challenges
Ali Burak Güven
14. Development Assistance as if Poverty Really Matters
Cranford Pratt
Part IV: Regulating Markets for a Civilized Globalization
15. When Very Little Is Already Too Much: The Struggle for International Labor Standards
Frank Hoffer
16. Transnational Unionism in the Global South
Robert Lambert and Edward Webster
17. Protecting the Environment from Trade Agreements
Michelle Swenarchuk and Scott Sinclair
18. Financing the Transition to a Low-Carbon Future
Rodney R. White and Joseph Whitney
19. Financial Transactions Taxation: Curbing Speculation, Funding Global Public Goods
Joy Kennedy
20. Arts and Culture in World Trade: Promoting Cultural Diversity
Garry Neil
Conclusion: The Left, Globalization, and the Future
Richard Sandbrook
Contributors
Index
List of Illustrations
Figures
Figure 12.1 Saward’s Democratic Mechanisms Quadrants
Figure 18.1 Temperature and CO 2 Changes in the Last 160,000 Years
Figure 18.2 Global Temperature Trends and CO 2 : 1880–2010
Figure 18.3 The CARATS Process
Tables
Table 2.1 The Three Worlds Revisited
Table 2.2 Global Balance
Table 3.1 Sapir’s Categorization of European Social Models
Table 16.1 Traditional versus New Labor Internationalism
Table 18.1 Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Countries Grouped by Income, and the Six Largest Emitters in 1990
Table 18.2 Examples of Financial Transfers under the CARATS Mechanism
Introduction
Envisioning a Civilized Globalization
A LI B URAK G ÜVEN AND R ICHARD S ANDBROOK
The first edition of Civilizing Globalization (2003) was conceived at a time of growing popular discontent with globalization. From Seattle in 1999 to Washington, Genoa, Zurich, and Québec City in later years, mass demonstrations provoked fierce police reactions and hostile responses from mainstream media. The dissenters represented a heterogeneous spectrum of civil society organizations and groups that were nonetheless united in their deep misgivings about the social, economic and environmental consequences of market-driven globalism. Their main targets were the entwined corporate and political forces associated with the prevailing pattern of globalization—multinational corporations headquartered in affluent countries; international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO); and intergovernmental platforms dominated by Northern powers, such as the Group of Eight (G8). Civilizing Globalization , taking this emergent counter-movement seriously, discussed feasible paths to reforming or transforming the emergent global order.
The current edition comes at an equally crucial juncture. The first few years following the release of the first edition were marked by relative prosperity and stability in the world economy. An unprecedented surge in trade and financial flows translated into high economic growth rates in every region. It appeared that neoliberal globalization would finally deliver on its promise of enhanced prosperity for all. Yet this revived optimism was illusory. It ignored the many undesirable trends associated with the global triumph of neoliberalism that we discuss in this book and summarize below. In particular, the global crisis of the late-2000s, triggered by the financial meltdown in the Anglo-American core, exposed the destructive potential of untrammeled market integration. Today, the world is still trying to recover from the crisis. The effects are felt most severely in the wealthy countries of the global North, with many major economies locked in a matrix of stagnating growth, high unemployment and record levels of public, corporate and household debt. Developing countries were not entirely spared either. Although most weathered the turbulence better than advanced economies, few have recaptured their extraordinary momentum in the mid-2000s. Ours is an age of intense uncertainty.
Despite the gravity of the challenges, concrete initiatives for genuine change in the global regime remain insubstantial. The sense of collective emergency that characterized the initial years of the economic crisis has mostly waned, even though the underlying structural problems persist. International financial regulatory efforts have been impeded by an organized counteroffensive of bankers and hedge funds; initiatives for effective global policy coordination through mechanisms such as the revamped G20 are losing momentum as national strategic agendas regain prominence; and transnational civil protests such as the Occupy movement are gradually dissipating. And little, if any, progress is being made on issues that required urgent global cooperation since before the crisis, such as climate change and the impasse in international trade rules. The world’s problems are in ever sharper relief, but in the absence of coordinated pressure from powerful popular movements, policymakers remain reluctant to engage in fundamental course corrections requiring sacrifices from dominant corporate and political interests.
Although much has changed in a decade as our authors emphasize in the chapters that follow, this revised edition nonetheless finds it necessary to present the same basic case as in the first edition:

• unfettered global markets harbor destructive tendencies;
• the solution lies not in abandoning markets but in systematically taming them through regulation and structuring incentives to reward economic behavior that advances the common good;
• a systematic program of this nature entails complementary transformations in global governance and resource flows; and
• humanizing globalization in this way depends upon the growing influence of a transnational and nonviolent protest movement.
Civilizing globalization, therefore, is a metaphor for harnessing global markets so that the economy serves society and the environment, not the reverse.
However, this book does not present a monolithic ideological stance. Its contributors form a diverse group. Certain authors subscribe to a radical vision in which the role of markets is severely restricted. Others advocate more modest reforms of the global market economy and its governance. Astute readers will note the differences in viewpoint.
Destructive Tendencies and Divergent Encounters
Globalization is a contested concept. Clarification begins with distinguishing between the generic use of the term and a particular species : neoliberal globalization. As a genus, globalization simply refers to a dramatic increase in transnational economic, political, and cultural interactions, effecting qualitative changes in the lives of people. Globalization in this sense is rooted in “deterritorialization”; o