Colonial Pathologies

Anderson Warwick Anderson

Description

Colonial Pathologies is a groundbreaking history of the role of science and medicine in the American colonization of the Philippines from 1898 through the 1930s. Warwick Anderson describes how American colonizers sought to maintain their own health and stamina in a foreign environment while exerting control over and "civilizing" a population of seven million people spread out over seven thousand islands. In the process, he traces a significant transformation in the thinking of colonial doctors and scientists about what was most threatening to the health of white colonists. During the late nineteenth century, they understood the tropical environment as the greatest danger, and they sought to help their fellow colonizers to acclimate. Later, as their attention shifted to the role of microbial pathogens, colonial scientists came to view the Filipino people as a contaminated race, and they launched public health initiatives to reform Filipinos' personal hygiene practices and social conduct.A vivid sense of a colonial culture characterized by an anxious and assertive white masculinity emerges from Anderson's description of American efforts to treat and discipline allegedly errant Filipinos. His narrative encompasses a colonial obsession with native excrement, a leper colony intended to transform those considered most unclean and least socialized, and the hookworm and malaria programs implemented by the Rockefeller Foundation in the 1920s and 1930s. Throughout, Anderson is attentive to the circulation of intertwined ideas about race, science, and medicine. He points to colonial public health in the Philippines as a key influence on the subsequent development of military medicine and industrial hygiene, U.S. urban health services, and racialized development regimes in other parts of the world.

Sujets

• Sociologie, société et politique
• Tropical medicine
• Social theory
• Americas
• Philippines

Informations

• Publié par: Duke University Press
• Date de parution: 21 août 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780822388081
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

colonialpathologies

colonialpathologies American Tropical Medicine, Race,

and Hygiene in the Philippines

WarwickAnderson

duke university press

durham and london

2006

∫2006 Duke University Press

All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper$

Designed by Heather Hensley

Typeset in Sabon by Keystone Typesetting, Inc.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book.

Contents

a c k n o w l e d g m e n t s

i n t r o d u c t i o n

1. American Military Medicine Faces West

2. The Military Basis of Colonial Public Health

3. ‘‘Only Man Is Vile’’

4. Excremental Colonialism

5. The White Man’s Psychic Burden

6. Disease and Citizenship158

7. Late-Colonial Public Health and Filipino ‘‘Mimicry’’

8. Malaria Between Race and Ecology

c o n c l u s i o n

a b b r e v i a t i o n s

n o t e s

b i b l i o g r a p h y

i n d e x

vii

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Acknowledgments

s my interest in the entwined histories of American tropical medicine A and racial thought has endured now for most of my career, the intel- lectual debts that have accumulated are countless. Only the most pressing can

be acknowledged here. Charles Rosenberg and Rosemary Stevens guided my

first studies of colonial public health at the University of Pennsylvania. At

Harvard, Allan Brandt, Arthur Kleinman, Evelynn Hammonds, and Mary

Steedly helped me to reshape and develop many of my arguments. Colleagues

in the Department of Anthropology, History and Social Medicine atucsf,

and in the History Department at Berkeley— in particular, Adele Clarke,

James Vernon, Philippe Bourgois, Vincanne Adams, Tom Laqueur, Sharon

Kaufman, and Dorothy Porter— encouraged me to return to the book manu-

script and provided inspiration and support. At Madison, I benefited greatly

from the advice of colleagues in the Department of Medical History and

Bioethics and at the Center for Southeast Asian Studies. Conversations with

Judy Leavitt, Rick Keller, Mike Cullinane, Al McCoy, Courtney Johnson,

Victor Bascara, and Maria Lepowsky proved especially valuable. Jean von

Allmen, with characteristic efficiency, ensured I had time for writing.

Bob Joy, Dan Doeppers, and Barbara Rosenkrantz read earlier versions of

the book manuscript and peppered me with their questions, challenges, and doubts. I may not have responded adequately to all of their queries, but without their engagement the book would be the poorer. I was fortunate to have such generous and careful readers. It was the enthusiasm and support of Vince Rafael that enabled me to complete this book. He and many other scholars of the Philippines, especially Michael Salman and Paul Kramer, have guided me through new territory and provided intellectual sustenance. I would also like to thank Michelle Murphy, Jono Wearne, Matt Klugman, Martin Gibbs, Chris Shepherd, Peter Phipps, Dan Hamlin, and Kiko Benitez for research assistance. Kiko, too, read much of the manuscript and gave me helpful advice. Gabriela Soto Laveaga assisted with translation of some of the Spanish material and pointed me to Latin American analogies. Without the enthusiasm and persistence of Ken Wissoker at Duke Univer- sity Press, it is unlikely that I would ever have completed this book. Ken and Anitra Grisales have smoothed the path to publication and allayed most of the author’s anxieties along the way. This project was supported financially through a fellowship from the So- cial Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies. I received travel grants from the Rockefeller Archive Center, the University of Pennsylvania, Harvard University, the Pacific Rim Research Program of the University of California, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. I am grateful for the assistance of archivists and librarians at the University of Pennsylvania, the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, the American Philosophical Society, the Countway Medical Library and other Harvard libraries, the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, the Library of Congress, the History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine, the Bentley Library at the University of Michigan, the Bancroft Library at the University of California-Berkeley, the Kalmanowitz Library atucsf, the Hagley Museum and Library, the Alan Mason Chesney Archives at Johns Hopkins University, the Wisconsin Historical Society Library, the Ebling Library of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Rockefeller Ar- chive Center, the U.S. Army Military History Institute at Carlisle Barracks, the Massachusetts Archives, the Philippine National Archives, and the Rizal Library at Ateneo de Manila. I have presented portions of this work at numerous institutions over the past fifteen years: through comment and discussion on these occasions, the book has emerged much improved. Sections of it have also benefited from the

viii

acknowledgments

remarks of editors and anonymous reviewers for the following journals:Crit- ical Inquiry, theBulletin of the History of Medicine, theAmerican Historical Review,Positions, andAmerican Literary History. Above all, I want to thank family and friends for gracefully putting up with my peculiar preoccupation with the history of colonial medicine— my own family, of course, but also the family of Ken and Rochelle Goldstein, who looked after me in Philadelphia. It is to the memory of Kenneth S. Goldstein that this book is dedicated.

acknowledgments

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