Emancipation through Muscles

Peter Schenzel (Univ. Halle) 4972 2002 Dec 03 11:16:08

Description

Although the study of Jewish identity has generated a growing body of work, the topic of sport has received scant attention in Jewish historiography. Emancipation through Muscles redresses this balance by analyzing the pertinence of sports to such issues as race, ethnicity, and gender in Jewish history and by examining the role of modern sport within European Jewry.

The accomplishments of Jews in the intellectual arena and their notable presence among Nobel Prize recipients have often overshadowed their achievements in sports. The pursuit of sports among Jews in Europe was never a marginal phenomenon, however. In the first third of the twentieth century numerous Jewish sport organizations were founded throughout Europe, and prowess in the realm called “muscle Jewry” by the Zionists was a symbol of widespread pride among European Jews. Some Jewish teams were remarkably successful: the legendary Austrian soccer champion Hakoah Vienna was arguably the most visible Jewish presence in interwar Vienna, and many readers will be surprised to learn that outstanding soccer teams such as Ajax Amsterdam and Tottenham Hotspur are still considered “Jewish teams.”

The contributors to this volume, an international group of scholars from a variety of fields, explore the diverse relationships between Jews and modern sports in Europe.

Sujets

• Sociologie, société et politique
• Jewish studies
• Europe

Informations

• Publié par: Nebraska
• Date de parution: 01 juillet 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780803205420
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

EMANCIPATION THROUGH MUSCLES Jews and Sports in Europe

Edited by Michael Brenner and Gideon Reuveni

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Emancipation through Muscles

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Emancipation  through  Muscles Jews and Sports  in Europe

Edited by Michael Brenner and Gideon Reuveni

of nebraska press university  lincoln and london

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© 2006 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America This publication was made possible by the generous support of the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung, Essen and the UNL Harris Center for Judaic Studies, Lincoln, Nebraska Chapter 10, by Rudolf Oswald, originally appeared as “Ein Gift mit echt jüdischer Geschicklichkeit ins Volk gespritzt (Guido von Mengden): Nationalsozialistische Judenverfolgung und das Ende des mitteleuropäischen Profifußballes, 1938–1941” (“ ‘A Poison Injected with True Jewish Cunning)’ [Guido von Mengen]: The Nazi Persecution of the Jews and the End of Central European Professional Soccer, 1938–1941”) inSportZeiten2 (2002): 2. Chapter 13, by Victor Karady and Miklós Hadas, originally appeared as “Football et antisémitisme en Hongrie” (“Soccer and Antisemitism in Hungary”) in Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales103 (June 1994): 90–101.   Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Emancipation through muscles: Jews and sports in Europe / edited by Michael Brenner and Gideon Reuveni. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Proceedings of a conference organized in May 2002 by the Lehrstuhl für Jüdische Geschichte und Kultur, Universität München and the Merkaz Kobner le-historyah Germanit, Universitah ha-’Ivrit bi-Yerushalayim. isbn-13: 978-0-8032-1355-5 (cloth: alk. paper) isbn-10: 0-8032-1355-7 (cloth: alk. paper) 1. Jews—Sports—History—Congresses. 2. Jewish athletes—History—Congresses. I. Brenner, Michael. II. Reuveni, Gideon. III. Universität München. Institute of Jewish History. IV. Universitah ha-’Ivrit bi-Yerushalayim. Merkaz Kobner le-historyah Germanit. gv709.6.e53 2006 796.089'924—dc22 2005032319

Set in Quadraat by Bob Reitz. Designed by R. W. Boeche.

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Contents List of Illustrations vi Acknowledgments vii Introduction: Why Jews and Sports Michael Brenner

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Part 1: From “Talmud Jews” to “Muscle Jews” 1. Muscle Jews versus Nervous Jews 13 Moshe Zimmermann

2. Jewish Gymnasts and Their Corporeal Utopias in Imperial Germany 27 Daniel Wildmann

3. Sports and the Militarization of Jewish Society Gideon Reuveni

4. Strongman Siegmund Breitbart and Interpretations of the Jewish Body Sharon Gillerman

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44

Part 2: The Making of Jewish Sports in Interwar Europe 5. Jews in German Sports during the Weimar Republic 77 Jacob Borut 6. The Politics of Jewish Sports Movements in Interwar Poland 93 Jack Jacobs

7. Hakoah Vienna: Reflections on a Legend John Bunzl

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Part 3: Antisemitism and Sports 8. Antisemitism in Austrian Sports between the Wars Michael John 9. Jews, Antisemitism, and Sports in Britain, 1900–1939 Tony Collins

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10. Nazi Ideology and the End of Central European Soccer Professionalism, 1938–1941 156 Rudolf Oswald

Part 4: Exiles, Survivors, and the Transformation of Jewish Identity 11. Soccer and Survival among Jewish Refugees in Shanghai 171 Albert Lichtblau 12. Sports in thedp187Camps, 1945–1948 Philipp Grammes 13. Soccer and Antisemitism in Hungary 213 Victor Karady and Miklós Hadas

14. When Is a Yid Not a Jew? The Strange Case of Supporter Identity at Tottenham Hotspur John Efron

List of Contributors Index 261

257

235

Illustrations 1. The Jewish Gymnastics Association Bar Kochba, Berlin, 1902 23 2. Gustav Krojanker as a student in Munich, ca. 1910 55 3. Breitbart’s fisticuff poster 72 4. Athletes at sport festival in Berlin, 1924 89 5. Shtern membership drive poster 101 6. Medal from the sport club Hakoah Wien 114 7. Hakoah Wien spectators 137 8. British golf magazine cartoon, 1910 154 9. Shanghai Interport soccer team at a match in Macao 183 10. Maccabi children’s center for Displaced Persons, ca. 1946 209

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Acknowledgments This book is based on a conference organized in May 2002 by the Institute of Jewish History and Culture at the University of Munich and the Richard Koebner Center for German History at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Our thanks are due to the assistance we received for both the conference and the editing of this volume by our graduate students Jens Kugele and David Rees. Without the enormous help of Dr. Ernst-Peter Wieckenberg this volume would not have come into existence. The Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung gave generous fi- nancial support for the conference and the translation of several articles for this volume. The Norman and Bernice Harris Center for Judaic Studies at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln generously supported the publica- tion of this volume. Our final thanks are due to Robert J. Taylor and Sara Springsteen of the University of Nebraska Press, and to our copyeditor, Sue Breckenridge, for handling this manuscript with extraordinary care and en- thusiasm.

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