Migration, Remittances and Development in Lesotho

Justincox

Description

The relationship between migration, development and remittances in Lesotho has been exhaustively studied for the period up to 1990. This was an era when the vast majority of migrants from Lesotho were young men working on the South African gold mines and over 50 percent of households had a migrant mineworker. Since 1990, patterns of migration to South Africa have changed dramatically. The reconfiguration of migration between the two countries has had a marked impact on remittance flows to Lesotho. The central question addressed in this report is how the change in patterns of migration from and within Lesotho since 1990 has impacted on remittance flows and usage.

Informations

• Publié par: The Institute for Democracy in South Africa
• Date de parution: 17 juillet 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781920409425
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

MIGRATION, REMITTANCES
AND ‘DEVELOPMENT’ IN
LESOTHO
JONATHAN CRUSH, BELINDA DODSON, JOHN GAY,
THUSO GREEN AND CLEMENT LEDUKA
SERIES EDITOR:
PROF. JONATHAN CRUSH
SOUTHERN AFRICAN MIGRATION PROGRAMME
2010ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The research for this paper was conducted by Sechaba Consultants, the
Lesotho partner for the Southern African Migration Project (SAMP). The
national Lesotho migration and remittances survey (MARS), conducted
in 2005, provided the quantitative database for the study. The
qualitative interviews and focus groups for this study were conducted in 2008-9
by a team led by David Hall of Sechaba Consultants. We are grateful to
him and his researchers as well as the following for their assistance: Wade
Pendleton, Abel Chikanda, Bruce Frayne, Krista House, Dave Dorey and
Christa Schier. We also wish to thank Ashley Hill, Cassandra Eberhardt,
Jennie Payne and Maria Salamone for their editorial help. Finally, thanks
are due to DFID-UK for funding the MARS survey, to UN-INSTRAW for
funding the qualitative research and to IDRC for its support of the SAMP
project on "Migration, Poverty and Development in Southern Africa."
Published by Idasa, 6 Spin Street, Church Square, Cape Town, 8001, and
Southern African Research Centre, Queen's University, Canada.
Copyright Southern African Migration Programme (SAMP) 2010
ISBN 978-1-920409-26-5
First published 2010
Design by Bronwen Müller
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, without prior permission from the publishers.
Bound and printed by Topcopy, Cape TownCONTENTS PAGE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
INTRODUCTION 4
METHODOLOGY 6
PAST MIGRATIONS 7
CHANGING PATTERNS OF MIGRATION SINCE 1990 10
INCREASED CROSS-BORDER MOVEMENT 10
DECLINING MINE MIGRATION 12
FEMINIZATION OF MIGRATION 14
EXPANSION OF INTERNAL FEMALE MIGRATION 20
BRAIN DRAIN TO SOUTH AFRICA 22
HIV/AIDS AND MIGRATION 23
MIGRANT DESTINATIONS 26
PURPOSE OF JOURNEY
SOUTH AFRICAN GOLD MINES 28
COMMERCIAL FARMS 30
DOMESTIC WORK 32
IRREGULAR MIGRATION 34
VOLUME AND TYPE OF REMITTANCES 38
REMITTANCE CHANNELS 43
USE OF REMITTANCES 46
GENDER AND REMITTANCES 51
REMITTANCES AND POVERTY REDUCTION 60
REMITTANCES AND AGRICULTURE 65
REMITTANCES AND SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 68
POLICY IMPLICATIONS 76
ENDNOTES 79
MIGRATION POLICY SERIES 87