More Bad News From Israel

Mike Berry, Greg Philo

Description

Building on rigorous research by the world-renowned Glasgow University Media Group, More Bad News From Israel examines media coverage of the current conflict in the Middle East and the impact it has on public opinion.



The book brings together senior journalists and ordinary viewers to examine how audiences understand the news and how their views are shaped by media reporting. In the largest study ever undertaken in this area, the authors focus on television news. They illustrate major differences in the way Israelis and Palestinians are represented, including how casualties are shown and the presentation of the motives and rationales of both sides. They combine this with extensive audience research involving hundreds of participants from the USA, Britain and Germany. It shows extraordinary differences in levels of knowledge and understanding, especially amongst young people from these countries.



Covering recent developments, including the Israeli attacks on Lebanon and Gaza, this authoritative and up-to-date study will be an invaluable tool for journalists, activists and students and researchers of media studies.
Acknowledgments

Introduction

Final Status map

1. Histories of the Conflict

2. Content Studies 2000-2002

3. Audience Studies 2001-2002

4. Why Does it Happen?

5. Conclusions on the 2000-2002 Content and Audience Samples

6. News Content and Explanations of the 2008-9 Gaza Attack

7. Audience Understanding of the Israeli Palestinian Conflict and the Gaza Attack 2008-9

8. The Attack on the Gaza Flotilla, 2010

9. Conclusions

Appendices

Notes

References

Index

Conclusions

Appendices

Notes

References

Index

Sujets

• Media Studies
• Social Science
• Sociologie, société et politique
• Israel

Informations

• Publié par: Pluto Press
• Date de parution: 08 avril 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781783710751
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

More Bad News From Israel
By the same authors

ISRAEL AND PALESTINE Mike Berry and Greg Philo (Pluto Press, 2006)

First published 2004 as Bad News From Israel This expanded and updated edition first published 2011 by Pluto Press 345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA
www.plutobooks.com
Distributed in the United States of America exclusively by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of st. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010
Copyright © Greg Philo and Mike Berry 2004, 2011
The right of Greg Philo and Mike Berry to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
British library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978 0 7453 2979 6 Hardback
ISBN 978 0 7453 2978 9 Paperback
ISBN 978 1 7837 1075 1 ePub
ISBN 978 1 7837 1076 8 Mobi
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data applied for
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental standards of the country of origin.
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Designed and produced for Pluto Press by Chase Publishing Services Ltd
Contents
Acknowledgements
Final Status Map
Introduction
1 Histories of the Conflict
Introduction
Zionist Roots and the First Wave of Jewish Immigration into Palestine
Theodor herzl and the Emergence of Political Zionism
The Second Wave of Jewish Immigration into Palestine
The Balfour Declaration and the British Mandate
The Arab Revolt
American Politics and the Settlement of the holocaust Survivors
The End of the Mandate
The United Nations Debates the Future of Palestine
The Unofficial War
The First Arab-Israeli War
Post-War Negotiations: Peace Treaties, Borders and Refugees
1956: The Suez Conflict
1967: The Six Day War
Resolution 242 and the War of Attrition
Settlement Building, Economic Integration and the occupation
Military occupation/Administration
Nationalism and the Rise of the opposition Movements
1973: The october War/The Yom Kippur War
Conflict in Lebanon
Diplomacy and the camp David Accords
1982: The Invasion of Lebanon
1987: The First Intifada
The Beginning of the Oslo Process
The Declaration of Principles
The Cairo Agreement, Oslo II and the Israel–Jordan Peace Treaty
The Netanyahu Administration
The Barak Administration
The Camp David Final Status Talks
September 2000: The Second Intifada
The Sharon Administration
The ‘Road Map’ to Peace
The International court of Justice and the Wall
The Death of Arafat
The Withdrawal of Settlers from Gaza
Hamas Wins the Palestinian Legislative Elections
The 2006 Lebanon War
Hamas Takes Control of Gaza
The Israel–Hamas Ceasefire
The 2008/09 Gaza War
2009: The Goldstone Report
The Second Netanyahu Administration
2010: The Attack on the Gaza Aid Flotilla
2 Content Studies 2000–02
Introduction: The Disputed Origins of the Conflict
Content Analysis: Methods
Samples and Results
Sample One: 28 September to 16 October 2000
Additional Content Samples: October–December 2001, March–April 2002
Sample Two: October–December 2001
Sample Three: March 2002
Sample Four: Jenin, April 2002
3 Audience Studies 2001–02
Introduction
Samples and Method
Focus Group Methods and Questions Asked
Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
The Questionnaires
Results
Memories, Images and Associations
Sources of Information Used
Origins, History and Causes of the Conflict
The News Writing Exercise
Beliefs about Casualties
Cultural Identification and Empathy
Understanding and Interest in News
4 Why Does it Happen?
Factors in Production?
Claims that the Media are Biased Against Israel
The US Connection
5 Conclusions on the 2000–02 Content and Audience Samples
6 News Content and Competing Explanations of the 2008/09 Gaza Attack
Sample and Methods
Cause, Criticism and Defence of Action
Explanatory Themes
The Fragmented Palestinian Case
Protests and Demonstrations
Coverage of Israeli and Palestinian Casualties
7 Audience Understanding of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and the Gaza Attack 2008/09
Sample and Method
Results
Questions and Replies on the Gaza Attack
8 Attack on the Gaza Flotilla, 2010
The Blockade
9 Conclusions
Appendix 1
Answers to Questions on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Student Groups 2001–02
Answers to Questions on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Student Groups 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009
Appendix 2
Answers to Questions on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Focus Groups 2001–02
Appendix 3
Gaza Study, Content Analysis Language Counts
Appendix 4
Black Holes of History: Public Understanding and the Shaping of Our Past
Appendix 5
Responses on History Questions 2004–09
Notes
References
Index
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank other members of the Glasgow university Media Group who helped us and gave advice and encouragement: John Eldridge, David Miller, Jacquie Reilly and Emma Miller. Thanks especially to Ruth Moore and Etta Gaskill who gave a great deal of time and energy to data preparation on the project. Thanks to Bernard Glancy for filming and also to Aidan Warner and Michelle Tonge for their help in preparing press reports. Thanks to others in the Department of Sociology: Andy Furlong, Giuliana Tiripelli, chen Li, Emma Briant, Adrian Quinn, Yue Li, Ruth Madigan, Kathleen Ward, Lynn campbell, olive Kearns and Maureen McQuillan. Thanks also for help and advice to Avi Shlaim, Nachman Shai, David Ruben, Joy Wolfe, Ghada Karmi, Justin Lewis, Frank Webster, Lucretia chauvel, David Morley, James curran, Daya Kishan Thussu, Georgina Sykes, Mary Philo, David Anderson, David McLennan, Norman Finkelstein, Ian Lustick, Baruch Kimmering, Roane carey, Gershon Shafir, Shaul Mishal and Geoffrey Aronson. For help in transcription, preparation of manuscripts and organising interviews, thanks also to Daniela Latina, Daniela Dudysova, Luke Nicholas, Scott Gordon and Anna Terje.
Many people helped in the development and setting up of interviews and focus groups. Thanks especially to ursula Grimberg and to Lyndall o’Brien. Special thanks also to Anna and Iain Semple, Margaret and Andrew Dunn, Phillip Radcliffe, claire Wood, Daniel Green, Phoebe Maine, Adele cowie, Margaret and Keith Bradly, Gregor Mill, Mike Phillips, Jenny owen and Sarah and John Philo.
Thanks also to all the journalists and media practitioners who spoke with us and who gave help and advice: George Alagiah, Brian hanrahan, Tim Llewellyn, Lindsey hilsum, Ken Loach, Adrian Monck, Gaye Flashman, John humphrys, Sian Kevill, chris Shaw, Gary Rogers, Fran unsworth, Sue Inglish, Evan Davis, Paul Adams, Nik Gowing, John underwood, Alex Graham, Sandy Ross, Paul McKinney, John Pilger, David cowling, Robin Lustig, Marie colvin, Rodrigo Va’zquez, Alan hayling, Leon Barkho, Jack Enright, colin Brierly and Donald McLeod, and the staff at Pluto Press: Anne Beech, Robert Webb and other members of the production team. Finally thanks again to all those people who took part in producing this work and who gave so much of their time and energy so freely and with such good grace.

Final Status Map – Taba, January 2001 (Andras Bereznay, adapted from Jan de Jong and the Foundation for Middle East Peace, 2001)
Introduction
This is the second edition of our study, originally published as Bad News from Israel . It includes our earlier findings plus a new study of the Israeli attack on Gaza, from December 2008 to January 2009, and new analysis of audience understanding and responses. The first edition began with a history of the conflict which we have now updated to include other major events such as the Palestinian elections and the Lebanon war of 2006 and the recent history of Gaza. We wrestled with the idea of simply bringing out a new book with the new material. But it was obvious that we couldn’t divide the history section and simply start where we had left off. We also wanted to cross reference our analyses of news content between different periods of the conflict and to compare the full range of audience samples. In the end we decided it was more useful to keep all of the results together. So this is a new introduction for both the original material and for the new studies included in this volume. We also include here a discussion of the public debate about media coverage, which has developed since the publication of the first study.
It need hardly be said that the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the most problematic with which journalists have to deal. After our first publications in this area, many commented to us on the pressures which they felt in reporting it. They were working in a political climate in which the British government was closely allied to the US, which in turn had Israel as a key ally. The Israeli state had developed a very extensive lobbying and public relations capacity in both the US and the UK. Politicians from the US speaking on television in Britain have routinely voiced their support for Israel, as have significant parts of the British press. Tony Blair, after being prime minister of the UK, was appointed in 2007 as Middle East envoy in the search for peace. Yet his lack of neutrality is sometimes manifest. Consider this interview which was filmed during the Israeli attack on Gaza, in January 2009. The ITN correspondent begins by stating that:
Correspondent : Mr. Blair believes that the key to a ceasefire lies in stopping Hamas smuggling weapons through these tunnels into Gaza.
Blair then gives his very critical view of Hamas, noting how Gaza can be used as a base for directing rockets at civilians in Israel:
Tony Blair : Either Hamas agree to be part of the solution, or alternatively Hamas stay in Gaza, using Gaza a