Substance Abuse and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Dr. Roham Ghassemi

Description

Theory and research suggest that self-efficacy plays an important part in substance abusers’ decisions to change substance-related behavior, reduce substance use during treatment, and maintain treatment progress at follow-up. Self-evaluation and self-cognition can help individuals develop the self-efficacy to overcome substance abuse and make better life choices. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the current literature on substance abuse treatments, cognitive behavioral theory (CBT), self-efficacy theory, self-evaluation, and self-cognition strategies to identify components of the above that are empirically important and might logically be included in a substance abuse treatment program. Through a critical analysis of existing theory related to CBT and self-efficacy, the components that might be included in an intervention to reduce substance were identified.
The goal of the intervention would be to reduce substance abuse by helping participants become more aware of their feelings and reactions and changing them in ways that will support cessation of substance abuse. A 12-session, 6-week program for individuals ranging in age from 25 to 50 was developed. Components of the intervention include helping clients capture thoughts, feelings, sensations; identify and label feelings; identify positive and negative expectancies of substance abuse; demonstrate awareness of triggers for substance abuse; seek out alternative interpretations of substance abuse thoughts and behaviors; and modify existing cognitive structures.

Sujets

• Lycée
• Philosophie
• Cognition
• Psychology
• Sociologie, société et politique
• Cognitive Psychology

Informations

• Publié par: Xlibris US
• Date de parution: 15 novembre 2022
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781669855866
• Langue: English

Extrait

Toward the Development of a Substance Abuse Treatment Program
Based on
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Self-Efficacy Theory
With A Focus On Self-Evaluation and
Self-Cognition
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
Dr. Roham Ghassemi

Copyright © 2022 by Dr. Roham Ghassemi.
Library of Congress Control Number:
2022921348
ISBN:
Hardcover
978-1-6698-5584-2

Softcover
978-1-6698-5585-9

eBook
978-1-6698-5586-6
 
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.
 
Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Getty Images are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.
Certain stock imagery © Getty Images.
 
 
 
 
 
Rev. date: 11/11/2022
 
 
 
 
Xlibris
844-714-8691
www.Xlibris.com
847599
CONTENTS
Substance Abuse and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
1Introduction
Background of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Definitions of Terms
Limitations of the Study
2Theoretical Foundations of Substance Abuse Treatment
Introduction and Overview
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Self-Efficacy
Summary
3Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Theory and Related Research
Introduction and Overview
Self-Evaluation
Self-Cognition
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Substance Abuse Treatment
Summary
4Self-Efficacy Theory and Research Applications to Substance Abuse Treatment
Introduction and Overview
Constructs of the Self
Definition of Self-Efficacy
Self-Efficacy and Substance Abuse Treatment
Summary
5Models of Substance Abuse Treatment
Introduction and Overview
Disease Models
Relapse Prevention Treatment Model
Summary
6A Substance Abuse Treatment Program Based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Self-Efficacy, Self-Evaluation, and Self-Cognition
Introduction and Overview
Program Goals and Strategies
Model Program
Summary
7Summary and Discussion
Introduction and Overview
The Application of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Self-Efficacy to a Substance Abuse Treatment Program with a Focus on Self-Evaluation and Self-Cognition
Discussion
Implications for Further Research
Summary
 
References
About the Author
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
Theory and research suggest that self-efficacy plays an important part in substance abusers’ decisions to change substance-related behavior, reduce substance use during treatment, and maintain treatment progress at follow-up. Self-evaluation and self-cognition can help individuals develop the self-efficacy to overcome substance abuse and make better life choices.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the current literature on substance abuse treatments, cognitive behavioral theory (CBT), self-efficacy theory, self-evaluation, and self-cognition strategies to identify components of the above that are empirically important and might logically be included in a substance abuse treatment program. Through a critical analysis of existing theory related to CBT and self-efficacy, the components that might be included in an intervention to reduce substance abuse were identified.
The goal of the intervention would be to reduce substance abuse by helping participants become more aware of their feelings and reactions and changing them in ways that will support cessation of substance abuse. A twelve-session, six-week program for individuals ranging in age from twenty-five to fifty was developed. Components of the intervention include helping clients capture thoughts, feelings, and sensations; identify and label feelings; identify positive and negative expectancies of substance abuse; demonstrate awareness of triggers for substance abuse; seek out alternative interpretations of substance abuse thoughts and behaviors; and modify existing cognitive structures.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background of the Problem
The treatment of substance abuse and substance dependence has an extensive history and includes biological, psychological, and sociological components. The DSM-IV-TR (APA 2000) defines substance abuse as the “maladaptive pattern of substance use manifested by recurrent and significant adverse consequences related to the repeated use of substance. The substance-related problem must have occurred repeatedly during the same twelve-month period or been persistent” (p. 128). Substance dependence is “a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating that the individual continues use of the substance despite significant substance-related problems” (p. 192).
The DSM-IV-TR (APA 2000) criteria for substance abuse are the following:
1. Recurrent substance use that results in the person not fulfilling major obligations at work, school, or home
2. Recurrent substance use in physically hazardous situations
3. Recurrent substance-related legal problems
4. Continued substance use despite persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or aggravated by the effects of the substance (APA 2000)
The DSM-IV-TR (APA 2000) lists the following criteria for substance dependence:
1. Tolerance, which is indicated by the need for a significantly increased amount of the substance to achieve the desired effect or a significantly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance
2. Withdrawal symptoms (as outlined in Criteria A and B of withdrawal criteria) or use of the substance to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms
3. Taking greater amounts of the substance or using the substance over a longer period of time than intended
4. A persistent desire or unsuccessful attempts to cut down or control substance use
5. Spending much time on activities related to obtaining and using the substance or recovering from its effects
6. Giving up or reducing important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of substance use
7. Continuing the use of the substance despite knowing about its persistent negative physiological or psychological effects
A diagnosis of substance dependence is rendered when the person meets a minimum of three out of these seven criteria within a twelve-month period.
The disease model of addiction proposes that substance misuse is caused by a fundamental biological or psychological susceptibility that results in an individual’s loss of control of consumption of the misused substance (Ouimette, Finney, and Moos 1997). This conceptualization posits that persons are powerless to control their problematic behaviors and are unable to refrain from substance abuse by themselves, just as persons with a terminal illness cannot fight their disease without medication (Futterman, Lorente, and Silverman 2005).
The medical frame of reference thus supports the disease model that is used in some addiction intervention or prevention treatment approaches. This approach involves educating abusers and their families about the genetic origins of the disease and encouraging abstinence from the substance (Ouimette et al. 1997). Conventional twelve-step models, which are based on a self-help orientation, combine the components of the Alcoholics Anonymous program with the disease model of addiction (Ouimette et al. 1997). Persons who participate in the twelve-step treatment are instructed to accept the disease model of substance abuse, identify themselves as alcoholics or addicts, and assume the goal of abstinence. In addition, they are taught to participate in the twelve-step process, which includes attending twelve-step meetings, obtaining a sponsor, and following the recommended steps (Ouimette et al. 1997).
Some researchers (Ball 2007; Futterman et al. 2005; Matto 2007) questioned the validity of the diseased person model of substance abuse treatment, arguing that this model exacerbates abusers’ feeling of powerlessness and worthlessness, and that individuals are capable of changing their behaviors.
Several theories and approaches were introduced that attempt to explain behavior change.
Rogers (1959) developed the client-centered approach to therapy, in which the therapist shows genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard toward a client to create a supportive, nonjudgmental environment in which the clients are encouraged to reach their full potential. Rogers proposed that personal change takes place when three conditions are present: unconditional positive regard, accurate empathy, and genuineness. Within the therapeutic relationship, Rogers believed the existence of these three conditions could help clients overcome any troubling issues, including alcohol abuse.
Psychoanalytic approaches to behavior change have also explained substance abuse. Freud (1955, 1957) suggested that the main cause of substance abuse and dependence is the person’s unconscious need to entertain and to enact various kinds of homosexual and perverse fantasies by the use of certain drugs. Substance abuse is viewed as associated with traumatic life experiences brought about by social, cultural, and political factors; fantasizing while using certain substances