Rénovation du service public de l'Education nationale : responsabilité et démocratie

Gebler Jean-Marc, Ricaud-Dussarget Paul, Pair Claude, Moisan Catherine, Simon Jacky, Ministère De L'Éducation Nationale, De La Recherche Et De La Technologie; Ministère De L'Enseignement Scolaire

Description

Rapport à Monsieur le Ministre de l'éducation nationale et à Madame la deléguée chargée de l'enseignement scolaire sur l'amélioration de l'éducation nationale en tant que service public, à travers la refonte ou l'évolution de son organisation. Dans cette étude, les notions de service public, d'établissement et d'académie sont redéfinies à partir de leur fonctionnement et leur rôle.

Sujets

• Service public
• Renovation
• École
• Organisation
• Enseignement primaire
• Enseignement secondaire
• Formation professionnelle
• Proposition

Informations

• Publié par: rapports-tous-les-rapports
• Publié le: 01 février 1998
• Nombre de lectures: 7
• Licence : En savoir +
  Paternité, pas d'utilisation commerciale, partage des conditions initiales à l'identique
• Langue: Français

Extrait

4ˆPQXCVKQP FW UGTXKEG RWDNKE FG N ’FWECVKQP PCVKQPCNG
TGURQPUCDKNKVˆ GV FˆOQETCVKG
TCRRQTV
· OQPUKGWT NG OKPKUVTG FG N ˆFWECVKQP PCVKQPCNG FG NC TGEJGTEJG GV FG NC
VGEJPQNQIKG
· OCFCOGNC OKPKUVTGFˆNˆIWˆG EJCTIˆG FG N GPUGKIPGOGPV UEQNCKTG
%NCWFG 2CKT
,GCP /CTE)GDNGT %C VJGTKPG /QKUCP 2CWN 4KECWF &WUUCTIGV ,CEM[
5KOQP
(ˆXTKGT

5QOOCKTG
%JCRKVTG . GPLGW WP UGTXKEG RWDNKE RQWT PQVTG VGORU
7PG GZKIGPEG RQWT VQWV UGTXKEG RWDNKE
. FWECVKQP PCVKQPCNG GUV WP ECU RCTVKEWNKGT
.GU OKUUKQPU FG N EQNG
3WG TGVGPKT RQWT QTKGPVGT PQVTG TˆHNGZKQP !
7P FKCIPQUVKE
& CDQTF HCKTG RCUUGT N KFˆG FG UGTXKEG
%JCRKVTG &GU RTKPEKRGU RQWT NC TˆHNGZKQP
&GU TGURQPUCDKNKVˆU TˆRCTVKGU
7P VTCXCKN EQNNGEVKH
7P FˆENQKUQPPGOGPV GPVTG NGU GPUGKIPGOGPVU RTKOCKTG GV UGEQPFCKTG
7PG TGURKTCVKQP FCPU WP ECFTG PQTOˆ
7PG TˆIWNCVKQP EQPVKPWG
7P FKCIPQUVKE
%JCRKVTG . GPUGKIPGOGPV FW RTGOKGT FGITˆ RQWT WPG PQWXGNNG QTICPKUCVKQP
%G SW KN HCWV OCKPVGPKT
%G SWK FQKV ˆXQNWGT
4ˆWPKT NGU ˆEQNGU VTQR RGVKVGU
%TˆGT FGU ˆVCDNKUUGOGPVU FW RTGOKGT FGITˆ
4ˆCNKUGT WP ˆSWKNKDTG GPVTG EQOOWPG GV ˆEQNG FCPU WP GURCEG ˆFWECVKH NQECN
4GFˆHKPKT NG TˇNG FGU KPURGEVGWTU FG N O FWECVKQP 0CVKQPCNG
7PG OKUG GP QGWXTG RTQITGUUKXG
%JCRKVTG .GU ˆVCDNKUUGOGPVU UEQNCKTGU XGTU WPG RNWU ITCPFG TGURQPUCDKNKVˆ
4GURQPUCDKNKVˆ GV FˆOQETCVKG CW UGKP F WP ˆVCDNKUUGOGPV
3WGUVKQPU · GZCOKPGT
. CWVQPQOKG FG N OˆVCDNKUUGOGPV
7P HQPEVKQPPGOGPV FW %QPUGKN F OCFOKPKUVTCVKQP FG OGKNNGWTG SWCNKVˆ
.G RTQLGV F OˆVCDNKUUGOGPV
7PG QTICPKUCVKQP KPVGTPG CFCRVˆG
. ˆSWKRG FG FKTGEVKQP GV NGU RGTUQPPGNU FG FKTGEVKQP
. ˆXCNWCVKQP FGU ˆVCDNKUUGOGPVU
. ˆXCNWCVKQP FGU RGTUQPPGNU
.C HQTOCVKQP EQPVKPWG GV NC EQQRˆTCVKQP GPVTG ˆVCDNKUUGOGPVU
%JCRKVTG . CECFˆOKG PKXGCW UVTCVˆIKSWG WPG TˆRCTVKVKQP RNWU GHHKECEG
FGU TGURQPUCDKNKVˆU
7P PKXGCW KPVGTOˆFKCKTG
.GU HQPEVKQPU · CUUWTGT GV NG TˇNG FGU ECFTGU
.GU ECFTGU FGU CECFˆOKGU
.G RKNQVCIG PCVKQPCN
%QPENWUKQP
#PPGZGU

4ˆUWOˆ FGU RTQRQUKVKQPU
.GVVTG FG OKUUKQP
1TICPKUCVKQPU GV RGTUQPPCNKVˆU TGPEQPVTˆGU
.KUVG FGU UKINGU
%JCRKVTG
.OGPLGW
WP UGTXKEG RWDNKE RQWT PQVTG VGORU
7PG GZKIGPEG RQWT VQWV UGTXKEG RWDNKE
.C TˆPQXCVKQP FW UGTXKEG RWDNKE GP IˆPˆTCN CˆVˆ ˆXQSWˆG RCT NG 2TGOKGT /KPKUVTG GP LWKP
NQTU FG UC FˆENCTCVKQP FG RQNKVKSWG IˆPˆTCNG Q.OˆXQNWVKQP FW OQPFG GV FG PQVTG
UQEKˆVˆ NGU PQWXGNNGU VGEJPQNQIKGU TGPFGPV PˆEGUUCKTGU CWLQWTF OJWK WPG CFCRVCVKQP FG
NO VCV GV WP XCUVG GHHQTV FG TˆPQXCVKQP FW UGTXKEG RWDNKE %GU TˆHQTOGU FQKXGPV KORNKSWGT
NOCFJˆUKQP FGU HQPEVKQPPCKTGU .C SWCNKVˆ FG NC HQPEVKQP RWDNKSWG NG UGPU FG NC
TGURQPUCDKNKVˆ FGU CIGPVU RWDNKEU UQPV NGU OGKNNGWTU ICIGU FG NC TˆWUUKVG FG NC TˆHQTOG
FG N O VCV R’V NG 2TGOKGT /KPKUVTG KPXKVG N O VCV GV UGU HQPEVKQPPCKTGU ·WPG CVVKVWFG SWK
UQKV QEGNNG FW FKCNQIWG EQPVKPW FG N OCVVGPVKQP UETWRWNGWUG FG NC FKURQPKDKNKVˆ
EQPUVCPVG R
.C PQVKQP FG UGTXKEG · TGPFTG GUV OKUG GP CXCPV RCT FG ITCPFU QTICPKUOGU RWDNKEU
EQOOG’&( )&(.C 2QUVG (TCPEG 6ˆNˆEQONC 50%(QW GPEQTGN O#02’ ’NNG UGTV FG
OQVGWT ·NGWT TˆPQXCVKQP NGWTU TGURQPUCDNGU CHHKTOGPV SW OKN HCWV RCUUGT PQP RNWU
EQOOGCWVTGHQKU FG QNOCUUWLGVVKR · Q N OWUCIGTROCKU OCKPVGPCPV FG Q NOWUCIGTR CW
Q ENKGPV RSWK CW FGN· FG N OGHHKECEKVˆ SWOKN GZKIG EQPVTKDWG ·FˆHKPKT NG UGTXKEG CVVGPFW+N
UOCIKV FG UQTVKT FW Q LG TQWNG RQWT XQWU R QLG UCKU EG SWK GUV DQP RQWT XQWU R
’P GHHGV NGU FGOCPFGU FG PQU EQPVGORQTCKPU UG TGPHQTEGPV FCPU EG UGPU RQWT FG
OWNVKRNGU TCKUQPU NG EQPUWOˆTKUOG N OKPFKXKFWCNKUOG NC EQPEWTTGPEG NC OQPFKCNKUCVKQP
NC EQORCTCKUQP CXGE EG SWK RGWV GZKUVGT FCPU F OCWVTGU RC[U NG FˆXGNQRRGOGPV FG NC
NKDGTVˆ FCPU FG PQODTGWZ FQOCKPGU NC FˆOQETCVKUCVKQP FG NC UQEKˆVˆ GV CWUUK N OˆNˆXCVKQP
IˆPˆTCNG FW PKXGCW FG HQTOCVKQP SWG N O EQNG C RGTOKUG #WLQWTF OJWK EQOOG PQWU N OC
FKV 4QDGTV (TCKUUG Q NC NˆIKVKOKVˆ FG N OCEVKQP RWDNKSWG PC V FG UQP WVKNKVˆ XˆTKHKˆGRQWT NG
DKGP FG EJCEWP R
%G SWK GUV CVVGPFW RGWV ˜VTG TˆUWOˆ GP SWGNSWGU OQVU
NC NKUKDKNKVˆFW UGTXKEG KN P OGUV RNWU RQUUKDNG FG U OCDTKVGT FGTTK´TG NC VGEJPKSWG QW NC
EQORˆVGPEG
NC TGURQPUCDKNKVˆFGU KPVGTNQEWVGWTU SWGTGPEQPVTGPV NGU WUCIGTU QW NGU ENKGPVU KN P OGUV
RNWU CEEGRVˆ SW OKNU UOCDTKVGPV FGTTK´TG NC JKˆTCTEJKG
GV RQWT NG RGTOGVVTG WPG FˆEGPVTCNKUCVKQP FGU FˆEKUKQPU



%GRGPFCPV EGVVG FˆEGPVTCNKUCVKQP PG FQKV RCU HCKTG QDUVCENG · F OCWVTGU FGOCPFGU
ˆICNGOGPV HCKVGU GP (TCPEGCWZ UGTXKEGU RWDNKEU N OˆSWKVˆGV NC EQPVKPWKVˆFCPU NG VGORU
GV NOGURCEG’V EGNNGUN· PˆEGUUKVGPV WP RKNQVCIG F OGPUGODNG %G RKNQVCIG RGWV ˜VTG OGPˆ
RCT WPG OˆVJQFG Q QP HKZG FGU QDLGEVKHU GV Q QP EQPVTˇNG NGU TˆUWNVCVU OCKU
NOGHHKECEKVˆ FG EG V[RG FG RKNQVCIG GUV FQWVGWUG UK GNNG PG U OCEEQORCIPG RCU F OWPG
CFJˆUKQP FGU RGTUQPPGNU % OGUV RQWTSWQK QP RCTNG CWUUK FG QOCPCIGOGPV RNQTUSWG N OQP
XGWV ˆXKVGT NC EQPPQVCVKQP VTQR FKTGEVKXG FW XGTDG QRKNQVGT R
2QWT TGPFTG WP OGKNNGWT UGTXKEG KN HCWV COˆNKQTGT NG HQPEVKQPPGOGPV GV ˆXGPVWGNNGOGPV
RQWT EGNC CFCRVGT N OQTICPKUCVKQP NG HQPEVKQPPGOGPV GUV RNWU KORQTVCPV SWG
NOQTICPKUCVKQP GV NGU ˆXQNWVKQPU FCPU N OQTICPKUCVKQP POQPV FG UGPU SWG RQWT CIKT UWT NG
HQPEVKQPPGOGPV
.O FWECVKQP PCVKQPCNG GUV WP ECU RCTVKEWNKGT
.C NQK F OQTKGPVCVKQP FW LWKNNGV FˆENCTG F OGODNˆGSWG QNGUGTXKEG RWDNKE FG
NOˆFWECVKQP GUV EQP`W GP HQPEVKQP FGU ˆN´XGU R2QWTVCPV RGWV QP XTCKOGPV CHHKTOGT SWG
NOQTKGPVCVKQP N OCHHGEVCVKQP FGU ˆN´XGU FCPU NGU UGEVKQPU RTQHGUUKQPPGNNGU NC UGEVQTKUCVKQP
NC RQNKVKSWG FGU NCPIWGU XKXCPVGU RCT GZGORNG UQKGPV VQWLQWTU CW UGTXKEG FGU ˆN´XGU !
%GPOGUV RCU EGRGPUGPV NGU RCTGPVU ’V SWG FKTG NQTUSWG NG FQOCKPG RˆFCIQIKSWG GUV
EQP`W RCT NGU GPUGKIPCPVU EQOOG NGWT EJCUUG ICTFˆG ! %GVVG RJTCUG FG NC .QK SWK CRW
RCTC VTG DCPCNG PG XC FQPE RCU FG UQK % OGUV SWG N O EQNG GUV WP UGTXKEG RWDNKE
RCTVKEWNKGT
&OCDQTF N OˆN´XG P OGUV RCU WP ENKGPV SWK RGWV · NWK UGWN FˆHKPKT NG UGTXKEG CVVGPFW OQKPU
RGWV ˜VTG RCTEG SWG DGCWEQWR F OˆN´XGU UQPV OKPGWTU SWG RCTEG SWG NG DWV FG N OˆFWECVKQP
GUV SWG NGU ˆN´XGU UG VTCPUHQTOGPV GV RCTEG SW OKNU UQPV FGU CEVGWTU FG NGWT HQTOCVKQP
&CPU NC EQPEGRVKQP HTCP`CKUG NGU RCTGPVU PG UQPV RCU F OCKNNGWTU PQP RNWU FGU ENKGPVU
FOWPG GPVTGRTKUG FQPV NGU ˆN´XGU UGTCKGPV FGU RTQFWKVU ECT N O EQNG GUV CW UGTXKEG FGU
ˆN´XGU . O EQNGP OGUV FQPE RCU WPG GPVTGRTKUG
’P QWVTG NO EQNG P OQR´TG RCU UWT WP OCTEJˆ EQPEWTTGPVKGN ’P GHHGV N OˆSWKVˆ GV NC
EQPVKPWKVˆ FGOCPFˆGU CW UGTXKEG RWDNKE U OCEEQOOQFGTCKGPV OCN FW OCTEJˆ PQVCOOGPV
GP OCVK´TG F O FWECVKQP Q QP CIKV · NQPI VGTOG +N GZKUVG EGTVGU FGU CURGEVU
EQPEWTTGPVKGNU GPVTG ˆVCDNKUUGOGPVU GPVTG NG UGEVGWT RWDNKE GV NG UGEVGWT RTKXˆGPVTG
N[EˆGU RTQHGUUKQPPGNU GV CRRTGPVKUUCIG RQWT NC HQTOCVKQP EQPVKPWG FGU CFWNVGU SWK GNNG
QR´TG UWT WP OCTEJˆ GV FCPU WP CWVTG TGIKUVTG GPVTG EQNG GV OˆFKCU GPVTG N O EQNG GV NC
XKG EQPEWTTGPEG RQWT NG VGORU FGU ˆN´XGU RQWT NGWT CVVGPVKQP %GRGPFCPV NG UGTXKEG
RWDNKE FG N O FWECVKQP PCVKQPCNG PG XKUG RCU WP QEJKHHTG F OCHHCKTGU ROCKU WP UGTXKEG
QRVKOCN FGU LGWPGU EG P OGUV RCU PˆEGUUCKTGOGPV RCTEG SWG NG PQODTG F OˆN´XGU ETQ V SWG
NG UGTXKEG GUV OGKNNGWT N· C RW ˜VTG WP QDLGEVKH FCPU NG RCUUˆ OCKU CWLQWTF OJWK NC
DCVCKNNG SWCPVKVCVKXG GUV NCTIGOGPV ICIPˆG
+N HCWV EGTVGU ˜VTG EQPUEKGPV FG EGTVCKPGU HQTOGU FG EQPEWTTGPEGRQWT UG RTˆOWPKT FGU
GHHGVU H‚EJGWZ SW OGNNGU RGWXGPV GPIGPFTGT2CT GZGORNG KN GUV FCPU NC PCVWTG FGU EJQUGU
SWOWPG TKXCNKVˆ CRRCTCKUUG GPVTG NGU ˆVCDNKUUGOGPVU GV GNNG UG TGPHQTEGTC CXGE NCDCKUUG
FˆOQITCRJKSWG EGVVG EQPEWTTGPEG N· FQKV ˜VTG TˆIWNˆG CW PKXGCW CECFˆOKSWG RQWT

P?CKUGFGTGEJGTEJGU.G!VNUWTRWDNKESWGNNG&QEWOGPVCVKQPCQWXC&GTQ
FKTUGTXKEGGPOQFGTPKUCVKQP(TCGFPECUEGV?VCDNKUUGOGPVUTCIG8QKTO%TVKENG)T?OKQP,.4WGV(TCKUUGNGFGUUEQNCKTGU
ICTCPVKT NOˆSWKVˆ RCT N OCHHGEVCVKQP FGU ˆN´XGU NC FˆHKPKVKQP FG NC ECTVG FGU HQTOCVKQPU W
/CKU EGTVCKPU V[RGU FG EQPEWTTGPEG RGWXGPV ˜VTG WVKNKUˆU CW EQPVTCKTGFCPU NG UGPU FG
NOCOˆNKQTCVKQP FG NC SWCNKVˆ FW UGTXKEG RCT GZGORNG FˆHKPKT NG TˇNG FG N O?EQNG GP VGPCPV
EQORVG FG N OGZKUVGPEG FG N OQHHTG GV FW HQPEVKQPPGOGPV FGU OˆFKCU ’V KN HCWV RTGPFTG
ICTFG · EG SW OWPG CDUGPEG F OCFCRVCVKQP FW UGTXKEG RWDNKE PG EQPFWKUG ·VGTOG · WPG
EQPEWTTGPEG SWK EQPVTGFKTCKV N Oˆ