Pilot studies on NAMEAs for air emissions with a comparison at European level

European Commission Eurostat

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Economy and finance

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• Publié par: EUROPEAN-COMMISSION-EUROSTAT
• Nombre de lectures: 16
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

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Pilot studies on Ν AM EAs
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Pilot studies on Ν AM EAs
tor air emissions with
a comparison at European level
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EUROPEAN Economy
COMMISSION and finance m
eurostat STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
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B-1049 Bruxelles, rue de la Loi 200 — Tél. [phone]
A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1999
ISBN 92-828-7337-4
© European Communities, 1999
Printed in Luxembourg
PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER Preface
Pilot studies on NAMEAs for air emissions
with a comparison at European level
In the 5th Environmental Action Programme a high level of priority is assigned to "exploiting and
strengthening the experiences and capacities of the European statistical system to deliver environmentally
relevant statistics on a regular basis, which will be comparable with and linked to the traditional official
statistics in the economic and social fields".
The European Commission transmitted a Communication to the Council and the European Parliament in
December 1994, COM (94)670 "Directions for the EU on Environmental Indicators and Green National
Accounting - Integration of Environmental and Economic Information Systems".
A main goal was the integration of economic and environmental information systems. The 5 year work
programme derived from the Communication identified several lines of actions, including "continuing and
enlarging work on satellite accounts to the National Accounts". Commission budgetary resources have
been invested in the development of environmental indicators and accounts especially from 1995-1996
onwards.
Eurostat has since then been involved in developing a European System of Environmental Accounts
related to the traditional national accounts designed to provide the environmental counterpart of economic
and household activities.
For some environmental areas, an agreed common framework was identified as already available in the
form of NAMEA (National Accounts Matrix including Environmental Accounts), developed in the
Netherlands. It divides the economy into industry and household categories and shows how each industry
or the households contribute to a variety of environmental concerns like emissions of pollutants to air,
waste water, and waste. It is further possible to include environmental protection expenditure, eco-taxes,
use of natural resources, and land use in the framework.
As the environmental information is compiled in a way consistent with the way economic activities are
represented in national accounts, the NAMEA framework is a powerful tool to assess integration of
environmental and economic concerns into policies.
Since a first Eurostat workshop on the NAMEA concept in 1995 the developments regarding compilation
of NAMEAs in the Member States have been rapid and extensive. Funding from the Commission's budget
made pilot projects possible, in which application and testing of the accounting framework in different
Member States facilitate practical experiences and the possibility to standardise methodologies across
countries. At the second NAMEA workshop in 1997 it became clear that the possibilities for a large
number of Member States of compiling NAMEAs for air emissions were quite good. This has generated a
first set of accounts, which is partly standardised for as many Member States as possible.
During the past year Eurostat has received the reports from pilot studies on NAMEAs for air emissions
from 12 Member States and Norway. The aim of this publication is to summarise the national experiences
and present a comparison of the NAMEAs throughout the European Union taking the current availability of
data into account.
Brian Newson
Head of Unit B1
National accounts methodology,
statistics of own resources eurostat
Contents
Pilot studies for air emissions
with a comparison at European level
Introduction
Part A
Comparison at European Level of NAMEAs for Air Emissions
A.I. Presentation of the NAMEA framework
The Environmental Themes of NAMEA 10
11
Possibilities for advanced analysis and for policy uses
13 All. The pilot studies
13
The coverage of the pilot studies
14
Methods used
14
The industry classification
15
Presentation of the results in the pilot studies
AHI. The characteristics and specific features of the NAMEAs 17
Differences to other air emission statistics 17
20 Different ways of structuring the NAMs
AIV. A comparison of the NAMEAs for air emissions 21
22 The structure of the emissions
Emissions per capita 27 s in relation to production activities 29
Examples of environmental profiles 34
Comparable data 42 m
eurostat
Contents
Pilot studies for air emissions
with a comparison at European level
Tables with comparable data
1.1. Emission of air pollutants, C02 46
1.2.n of air, S028
1.3. Emission of air pollutants, NOx 50
1.4.n of air, CO2
1.5. Emission of air pollutants, NH34
1.6.n of air, N20
1.7. Emission of air pollutants, CH48
1.8.n of air, NMVOC 6
1.9. Emission of air pollutants, Lead (Pb)
1.10. Output in current prices
Annexes to Part A
Annex A1 Substances/themes covered by the pilot projects9
Annex A2 Proposed industry classification for NAMEAs for air emissions 70
Annex A3 The industry classification in the tables with comparable data2
Annex A4 Bunkering abroad Data for C02 for Norway, Denmark, Sweden and UK3
Annex A5 Overview of the NAMEA pilot studies 74 eurostat
Contents
Pilot studies for air emissions
with a comparison at European level
Part Β
Summaries of the Pilot Studies on NAMEAs for Air Emissions
Section B1 Denmark 81
Section B2 Germany8
Section B3 France 93
Section B4 Luxembourg 100
Section B5 The Netherlands4
Section B6 Austria9
Section B7 Portugal 115
Section B8 Finland 12
Section B9 Sweden
Section B10 The United Kingdom
Section B11 Norway 132
Section B12 Greece8
Section B13 Irelandeurostat
Introduction
The first NAMEA workshop was organised by Eurostat and Statistics Netherlands in The Hague in
October 1995. The participants were national accountants and environmental statisticians from all
Member States. The objective of this first workshop was to introduce the NAMEA concept and study the
work done by Statistics Netherlands. Several Member States were already working on similar projects and
the general opinion was that NAMEA constituted a good framework to describe interactions between the
economy and the environment, in particular for linking emissions and economic activities.
A second workshop was held in Luxembourg in March 1997 with the main aim to share experiences and
to initiate a convergence process between the different approaches in the countries. Since then almost all
Member States of the European Union have compiled NAMEAs or are in the process of doing so.
This draft publication has been prepared partly before and partly after the third NAMEA Workshop held in
November 1998 with participation of the 15 Member States of the European Union and Norway. One
major aim was to make recommendations on the framework for compiling NAMEAs for air emissions in
the future and to share experiences made of extensions into other environmental areas. At the workshop
the definitions were discussed in detail and further guidelines for compiling NAMEAs for air were agreed
upon, that is what is to be measured, according to which definitions within these guidelines. The Member
States of course still determine which sources and methods should be used in the compilation to achieve
best results given the variety of data available.
Eurostat would like to thank the national statistical offices who have put a big effort into producing the pilot
studies on NAMEA. Further Eurostat wishes to thank the Member States for their contribution at the
NAMEA workshops and the very useful comments we have received on this report. Finally, Eurostat
acknowledges the extensive support of Directorate-General XI B.
Structure of this publication
The aims of this publication are to present the NAMEA framework and to present the results from the
NAMEAs for air emissions from 13 countries that were available in the summer of 1998. The publication is
divided into two parts.
In Part A the focus is on the European level. In the four chapters, the NAMEA framework is described and
an overview of the pilot studies is given. One priority has been to give examples of comparisons of the
data available and in chapter A.IV results for households and industries are summarised and presented.
The focus in the presentation of the data for industries is comparing the economic performance of industry
sectors with the emissions to air. Detailed tables with compar