Contemporary Migration to South Africa

Aurelia Segatti And Loren B. Landau

Description

Building on global interest in migration development, the volume draws attention to one of the most important migration systems in sub-Saharan Africa. It reviews South Africa's approach to international migration in the post-apartheid period from a regional development perspective, highlighting key policy issues, debates, and consequences.
The authors find at least three areas where migration is resulting in important development impacts. First, by offering options to those affected by conflict and crises in a region that has limited formal disaster management and social protection systems. Second, by mitigating shortcomings and distortions in regional labour markets. Third, by providing support to struggling rural economies and ever expanding urban areas in terms of livelihoods and social capital transfers.
Chapter One consists of a study of the country's historical experience of migration and, in particular, analyses the changes in official attitudes throughout the twentieth century, indicating the roots of contemporary ideas and policy dilemmas. Chapters Two, Three, Four and Five complement this analysis of the South African State's capacity to reform and manage the South African migration situation by looking at often neglected dimensions: the first explores the question of skilled labour, a crucial question given the unbalanced structure of the South African labour market; the second examines the impact of migration on local government in South African cities and specifically implications for urban planning, service delivery, health, security, and political accountability; the third analyses the nature of undocumented migration to South Africa and the challenges it raises to both State and non-State actors; The book concludes with an examination of health as a critical issue when examining the relationship between migration and development in South Africa, in light of recent empirical data.

Sujets

• Public health
• Health system
• Immigration
• Labour economics
• Migration
• Policy

Informations

• Publié par: world-bank-publications
• Publié le: 23 août 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 30
• EAN13: 9780821387689
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

AFRICA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
Contemporary Migration
to South Africa
A Regional Development Issue
Aurelia Segatti and Loren B. Landau, EditorsContemporary
Migration to
South AfricaContemporary
Migration to
South Africa
A Regional
Development Issue
Aurelia Segatti and Loren B. Landau
Editors
A copublication of the Agence Française de Développement and the World Bank© 2011 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
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All rights reserved
1 2 3 4 14 13 12 11
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ISBN: 978-0-8213-8767-2
eISBN: 978-0-8213-8768-9
DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8767-2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data has been requested.
Cover photograph: Township of Alexandra, north of Johannesburg, 2011, by Becca Hartmann for the
African Centre for Migration and Society, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Cover design: Naylor DesignAfrica Development Forum Series
The Africa Development Forum series was created in 2009 to focus on issues of
signifi cant relevance to Sub-Saharan Africa’s social and economic development.
Its aim is both to record the state of the art on a specifi c topic and to contribute
to ongoing local, regional, and global policy debates. It is designed specifi cally to
provide practitioners, scholars, and students with the most up-to-date research
results while highlighting the promise, challenges, and opportunities that exist
on the continent.
The series is sponsored by the Agence Française de Développement and the
World Bank. The manuscripts chosen for publication represent the highest
quality in each institution’s research and activity output and have been selected
for their relevance to the development agenda. Working together with a shared
sense of mission and interdisciplinary purpose, the two institutions are com-
mitted to a common search for new insights and new ways of analyzing the
development realities of the Sub-Saharan Africa Region.
Advisory Committee Members
Agence Française de Développement
Pierre Jacquet, Chef Économiste
Robert Peccoud, Directeur de la Recherche
World Bank
Shantayanan Devarajan, Chief Economist, Africa Region
Jorge Arbache, Senior Economist
Titles in the Africa Development Forum Series
Africa’s Infrastructure: A Time for Transformation (2010) by the World Bank
Challenges for African Agriculture (2011) by Jean-Claude Devéze, editor
Gender Disparities in Africa’s Labor Market (2010) by Jorge Saba Arbache,
Alexandre Kolev, and Ewa Filipiak, editors Southern African Development Community (SADC) Countries
DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC
OF CONGO
TANZANIA
SEYCHELLES
ANGOLA MALAWI
ZAMBIA
MADAGASCARMOZAMBIQUE
ZIMBABWE MAURITIUS
NAMIBIA BOTSWANA
SWAZILAND
LESOTHOSOUTH
This map was produced by the Map Design Unit of The World Bank. AFRICA
The boundaries, colors, denominations and any other information shown on
this map do not imply, on the part of The World Bank Group, any judgment
on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of
IBRD 38587such boundaries. JUNE 2011
Source: World Bank.Contents
Preface xiii
Contributors xvii
Acknowledgmentsix
Abbreviations xxi
Overview 1
Volume Overview 1
Recommendations for Research and Policy Development 5
Introduction
Migration to South Africa: Regional Challenges versus
National Instruments and Interests 9
Aurelia Segatti
South Africa in Southern Africa: The Other Migration Hub 11
Migration and Recent Labor Market Transformation in South Africa 17
The Institutional Framework: Regional Divergence and
the Preference for Bilateralism 22
A Regional Migration-Development Challenge? 25
Organization of This Volume 26
Notes 27
References 27
1 Reforming South African Immigration Policy in the
Postapartheid Period (1990–2010) 31
Aurelia Segatti
The Genesis of a Discriminatory Migration System (1910–91) 34
viiviii CONTENTS
The Emergence of a Democratic Reformist Movement
(1991–2003) 42
Overcoming Institutionalized and Reactionary Interests
(1994–2008) 49
The Resilience of Policing and Administrative Practices in the
Post–1994 Era 54
Conclusion: The Aftermath of the 2008 Events 60
Notes 61
References 63
2 The Role of Skilled Labor 67
Stephen Ellis and Aurelia Segatti
The “Skills Problem” 68
Where Do Skilled Southern Africans Emigrate? 71
Current Government Policy on Skilled Labor Migration 73
Conclusion: Is “South Africa First” a Good Policy for
Southern Africa? 75
Notes 78
References 78
3 Mobility and Municipalities: Local Authorities,
Local Impacts, and the Challenges of Movement 81
Loren B. Landau, Aurelia Segatti, and Jean Pierre Misago
Local Management of Migration: Policy Frameworks
and Effects 82
Offi cials’ Perspectives on Domestic and International
Migration 84
Consultation, Planning, and Budgeting for Mobility 90
Intergovernmental Coordination on Planning
and Service Delivery 95
The Practice of Uncoordination: Security, Confl ict,
and Social Cohesion 97
Conclusions 99
Notes 102
References 103