Strengthening the Education Sector Response to HIV and AIDS in the Caribbean

Description

The Caribbean Region is second only to Africa in the impact of HIV and AIDS. The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) has responded to this challenge by promoting a multisectoral response to the epidemic. UNESCO has provided regional leadership in strengthening the education sector component of this response. In 2005, UNESCO launched, with CARICOM and the World Bank, a regioinal dialogue involving representatives of Ministries of Education, national HIV and AIDS coordinating councils, development partners, and regional institutions providing leadership in the HIV response, which led to the development and endorsement of a regional Proposal for Action: Accelerating the Education Sector Response to HIV and AIDS in the Caribbean Region.
In June 2006, Ministers of Education and representatives of National AIDS AUthorities met in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, under the auspices of the CARICOM Council on Human and Social Development, and agreed to promote education sector leadership in addressing HIV and AIDS and to create a supportive policy and financial environment at national and regional levels. This report describes the development of these regional processes and how they have led to a stronger education sector response at the regional level. It also focuses on developments in three countries (Guyana, Jamaica, and St. Lucia) as examples of how this regional effort translates into action at the national level.

Sujets

• Éducation
• Health

Informations

• Publié par: world-bank-publications
• Publié le: 29 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 38
• EAN13: 9780821374764
• Langue: English

Extrait

W O R L D B A N K W O R K I N G P A P E R N O . 1 3 7

Strengthening the Education Sector Response to HIV&AIDS in the Caribbean

W O R L D B A N K W O R K I N G P A P E R N O . 1 3 7

Strengthening the Education Sector Response to HIV&AIDS in the Caribbean

UNESCO/World Bank Partnership in Support of CARICOM Strategy in Education and HIV&AIDS

THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C.

Copyright © 2008 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First Printing: December 2007

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printed on recycled paper

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World Bank Working Papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank’s work to the development community with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper therefore has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally-edited texts. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Direc- tors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The Wor ld Bank of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly to reproduce portions of the work. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, Tel: [phone], Fax: [phone], www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA, Fax: [phone], email: [e-mail].

ISBN-13: 978-0-8213-7476-4 eISBN: 978-0-8213-7477-1 ISSN: 1726-5878

DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7476-4

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been requested.

Contents

Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v

Acronyms and Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

Executive Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix

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HIV&AIDS in the Caribbean: The Potential of Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Furthering the Dialogue: Establishing a Collaborative Framework in the Caribbean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Port-of-Spain: Meeting to Define the Regional Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Actions at the Country Level: Jamaica, Guyana, and Saint Lucia. . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Next Steps at the Regional Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Conclusions: The Way Forward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Appendixes

A. Five Essential Components for a Comprehensive Education Sector Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

B. The HIV/AIDS Response by the Education Sector: A Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 9

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Acknowledgments

T t haeporis rher derapnep  sebBuP.A.d alon Dby knaB dlroW( ydnaolo Font HDNED),P CS OaCirna iU(ENenom Receabb,Dn)( aslroW ziueveD d Bank LCSHE), Tara E. O’Connell (World Bank HDNED), Jenelle Babb (UNESCO Caribbean), Lesley Drake (PCD) and Anthi E. Patrikios (PCD). We gratefully acknowledge the support of CARICOM, especially Myrna Bernard and Edward Greene, throughout the processes described in this report. The document was peer reviewed by Alexandria Valerio (World Bank LCSHE) and Andy Chi Tembon (World Bank AFTH3). Feedback was provided by Eduardo Velez Bustillo (LCSHE), Mary T. Mulusa (World Bank LCSHH), John S. Osika (World Bank LCSHH), Cynthia Hobbs (World Bank LCSHE) and Angela Demas (World Bank LCSHE).

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

AIDS AFTH3 BSS CAPNET CAREC CARICOM CCNAPC CIDA COHSOD CPCE CPD CRN+ CUT DfID EDC EduCan EDUCAIDS EFA EU FRESH FTI GFATM GHARP GIPA GoG GoJ GTZ HDNED HFLE HIV IATT IBRD IDA IDPs ILO JICA LCSHE LCSHH LRCs MAP M&E MoE MoEC MoEYC MoH

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Africa Region Human Development III Behavioral Surveillance Survey Caribbean Network of Publishers Caribbean Epidemiology Centre Caribbean Community Caribbean Coalition of National AIDS Program Coordinators Canadian International Development Agency Council for Human and Social Development Cyril Potter College of Education Continuous Professional Development of (trained) Teachers Caribbean Regional Network of Seropositives Caribbean Union of Teachers Department for International Development Education Development Centre Caribbean Education Sector HIV&AIDS Coordinator Network UNAIDS Global Initiative on Education, HIV&AIDS Education for All European Union Focusing Resources on Effective School Health Fast Track Initiative Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Guyana HIV-AIDS Reduction & Prevention Project Greater Involvement of People with HIV&AIDS Government of Guyana Government of Jamaica German Bilateral Cooperation Human Development Network, Education Team Health and Family Life Education Human Immunodeficiency Virus Inter-Agency Task Team International Bank for Reconstruction and Development International Development Association International Development Partners International Labor Organization Japanese International Cooperation Agency Latin America and the Caribbean Region Education Sector Latin America and the Caribbean Region, Health Sector Learning Resource Centres Caribbean Multi Country HIV&AIDS Program Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Education Ministry of Education and Culture Ministry of Education, Youth and Culture Ministry of Health

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viii Acronyms and Abbreviations

MoHL MoST

NAP NAPS NCERD NGO ODA OVC PAHO PANCAP PCD PCHA PCU PLWHA SRH STI TOR UN UNAIDS UNDP UNESCO UNFPA UNGASS UNICEF UNIFEM UNODC USAID UWI VCT

Ministry of Health and Labor Ministry of Social Transformation, Human Services, Family Affairs, Youth and Sport National AIDS Programme National AIDS Programme Secretariat National Centre for Education Resources and Development Non-Governmental Organization Official Development Assistance Orphans and Vulnerable Children Pan-American Health Organization Pan-Caribbean Partnership Against HIV&AIDS Partnership for Child Development Presidential Commission for HIV&AIDS Project Coordination Unit People Living with HIV&AIDS Sexual Reproductive Health Sexually Transmitted Infections Terms of Reference United Nations United Nations Program on HIV&AIDS United Nations Development Program United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization United Nations Population Fund United Nations General Assembly United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund United Nations Development Fund for Women United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime United States Agency for International Development University of the West Indies Voluntary Counseling and Testing

Executive Summary

U AIN eDSaht ht tmitssetaean Regie Caribb eesocdnnoi  sht-aDSAIV&HIt os-m ni noiger detceff fterld a wor theA rfranaS-haS bu.aci ehTiraCaebbCon unmmyit (CARICOM), has identified the need to strengthen the multi-sectoral response to the epidemic. In June 2005, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organi- zation (UNESCO) and the World Bank held a joint meeting in Washington, D.C., to develop a proposal for a regional dialogue to accelerate the education sector component of this response. At the center of the CARICOM plan for action is the development of a regional strategy, as well as national strategic plans, which emphasizes quality Education for All (EFA) and lifelong learning experiences as central to the Education sector response to the epidemic. Later in 2005, a team from CARICOM, UNESCO, the World Bank and the University of the West Indies met with representatives of government, civil society, and development partners at national and regional levels. A plan for action was developed through broad dialogue with representatives of Ministries of Education, national HIV&AIDS coordinating committees, and several regional institutions [CARICOM, Pan-Caribbean Partnership Against HIV&AIDS (PANCAP), Caribbean Epidemiology Center (CAREC), Caribbean Network of Publishers (CAPNET), Caribbean Coalition of National AIDS Program Coordinators (CCNAPC), Caribbean Regional Network of Seropositives (CRN+), and University of the West Indies (UWI)], as well as representatives of development partners in UN Country Teams and UN HIV&AIDS Theme Groups, including UNAIDS, UNDP, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNFPA, PAHO, ILO, UNIFEM, UNODC, and the World Bank. This consultative process led to the development of aProposal for Action: Accelerating the Edu- cation Sector Response to HIV&AIDS in the Caribbean Region. In January 2006, the Fourth Caribbean Regional Consultation on the Education Sector’s Response to the HIV&AIDS epidemic was convened and hosted by UNESCO at Strawberry Hill, Jamaica, with participation from the CARICOM, Caribbean regional representatives of United Nations (UN) agencies and other development partners. This meeting endorsed the Proposal for Actionas a basis for joint action going forward. Building on the momentum of the Strawberry Hill Meeting, a High Level Meeting of Ministers of Education and National AIDS Authorities, under the auspices of the CARICOM Council on Human and Social Development (COHSOD), was convened in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago in June 2006. The Meeting resulted in the Port-of-Spain Declaration, which signified the commitment of CARICOM Ministers of Education to renewed efforts at accelerating the education sector response to HIV&AIDS in the Caribbean. The COHSOD Meeting highlighted an emerging consensus among regional development partners to continue dialogue and action on efforts at improved interagency coordination in accelerating the education sector response to HIV&AIDS in the Region. Follow-up discussion between government representatives and international development partners (IDPs) focused on how to intensify joint efforts in this endeavor. It was agreed that working together in a few focus countries would allow for greater consolidation and harmonization of national level responses, providing learning opportunities for taking plans to scale at the regional level. Initial efforts have focused on Jamaica, St. Lucia, and Guyana. The guiding principle in each country has been to support a sequential process in the education sector’s HIV&AIDS

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Executive Summary

response through the development of policy, strategy, and a costed work plan. To this end, joint UNESCO/World Bank missions were undertaken between May and November 2007 to Jamaica, Guyana, and Saint Lucia, with the purpose of assessing the state of the education sector response to HIV&AIDS in these countries, and moving forward at the country level taking into account the challenges and opportunities identified by the regional dialogue. While national level dialogue was specific in each country, the following key priority areas emerged across the three countries: (i) information and research; (ii) capacity building for planning, decisionmaking, and coordination; (iii) teacher education; (iv) addressing stigma, discrimination, and human rights, including attention to cultural differences. A number of activities have been agreed to address these priority areas of concern at national level. Regional priorities for action and next steps identified, included the following:

■The Governments of Guyana, Jamaica, and St. Lucia agreed to further strengthen and expand the CARICOM Network of Education Sector Focal Points for HIV&AIDS (EduCan), facilitated by UNESCO and the Educat ion Development Centre (EDC), to promote sharing of information and capa city building on national education sector responses to HIV&AIDS. This will be ac hieved, in part, by formalizing the post of HIV&AIDS Focal Point within the Ministries of Education where it is not yet for- malized, and mobilizing education sector resources to support this post. ■A follow-up to the regional CARICOM Ministerial Meeting held in June 2006 is planned for May 2008. This “Port-of-Spain plus 2” meeting will serve to chart progress and decide next steps in continuing efforts to address the education sector response at regional level. The content and specifics of this meeting is being jointly planned with the CARICOM Network of Education Sector Focal Points for HIV&AIDS in dialogue with the CARICOM Secretariat and other regional partners in the response. ■CARICOM supports region-wide participation in exchange visits between the Caribbean and the African Networks of HIV&AIDS Education Focal Points for knowledge sharing purposes. This is scheduled to begin with the participation of the Focal Points from Guyana, Jamaica, and St Lucia in the annual meeting of the Africa Focal Point Networks to be held in Nairobi, Kenya, in November 2007. In follow-up, Focal Points from the Africa Networks will attend the next scheduled meeting of the Caribbean HIV&AIDS Education Focal Points due to be held in the Region in 2008. ■In follow-up to the meeting of Caribbean Ministers of Education on HIV&AIDS in Port-of-Spain, a joint CARICOM, UNESCO, World Bank, and University of the West Indies publication is being published.Challenging HIV & AIDS: A New Role for Caribbean Educationfocuses on the education sector response to HIV&AIDS in the Caribbean and includes all the technical papers prepared for the Ministerial Meeting as well as other recently produced, related materials. The expected publi- cation date is early 2008.

This report presents the findings and outcomes of the three joint UNESCO/World Bank missions to Guyana, Jamaica, and St. Lucia, and elaborates on next steps identified for action at both national and regional levels. The report also sets these findings and next steps within the broader context of the Caribbean plan for action and presents in its appen- dixes sample resources to guide the development of a comprehensive response to HIV&AIDS by the education sector.