Welsh Poetry of the French Revolution, 1789-1805

Cathryn Charnell-White

Description

This anthology of Welsh poetry and English translations presents some of Wales's radical and reactionary responses to the French Revolution and its cultural legacy, 1789-1805.
Introduction Texts and Translations Editorial Principles

Sujets

• Histoire
• History
• Wales
• France
• Europe

Informations

• Publié par: University of Wales Press
• Date de parution: 15 octobre 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780708325292
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Wales and the French Revolution

Welsh Poetry of the French Revolution 1789–1805

Cathryn A. Charnell-White

University of Wales Press

WALES AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

General Editors: MaryAnn Constantine and Dafydd Johnston

The image on a creamware and violet jug commemorating the death of Horatio Nelson at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805, by kind permission of the Royal Pavilion and Museums,Brighton& Hove.

WALES AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

Welsh Poetry of the French Revolution 1789–1805

CATHRYN A. CHARNELLWHITE

UNIVERSITY OF WALES PRESS CARDIFF 2012

© Cathryn A. CharnellWhite, 2012

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to The Universityof WalesPress, 10 Columbus Walk, Brigantine Place, Cardiff CF10 4UP.

www.uwp.co.uk

British Library CataloguinginPublication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN 9780708325285 eISBN 9780708325292

The right of Cathryn A. CharnellWhite to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77, 78 and 79 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

Typeset in Wales by Eira Fenn Gaunt Printed byCPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham,Wiltshire

I Alice a Jessica, am lonni calon Anti Cathryn

WALES AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

The French Revolution of 1789 was perhaps the defining event of the Romantic period in Europe. It unsettled not only the ordering of society but language and thought itself: its effects were profoundly cultural, and they were longlasting. The last twenty years have radically altered our understanding of the impact of the Revolution and its aftermath on British culture. In literature, as critical attention has shifted from a handful of major poets to the noncanonical edges, we can now see how the works of women writers, selfeducated authors, radical pamphleteers, prophets and loyalist propagandists both shaped and were shaped by the language and ideas of the period. Yet surprising gaps remain, and even recent studies of the ‘British’ reaction to the Revolution remain poorly informed about responses from the regions. In literary and historical discussions of the socalled ‘four nations’ of Britain, Wales has been virtually invisible; many researchers working in this period are unaware of the kinds of sources available for comparative study. The Wales and the French Revolution Series is the product of a fouryear project funded by the AHRC and the University of Wales at the Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. It makes available a wide range of Welsh material from the decades spanning the Revolution and the subsequent wars with France. Each volume, edited by an expert in the field, presents a collection of texts (including, where relevant, translations) from a particular genre with a critical essay situating the material in its historical and literary context. A great deal of material is published here for the first time, and all kinds of genres are explored. From ballads and pamphlets to personal letters and prizewinning poems, essays, journals, sermons, songs and satires, the range of texts covered by this series is a stimulating reflection of the political and cultural complexity of the time. We hope these volumes will encourage scholars and students of Welsh history and literature to rediscover this fascinating period, and will offer ample comparative scope for those working further afield.

MaryAnn Constantine and Dafydd Johnston General Editors

List of Figures Preface Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations

Introduction

Texts and Translations

Editorial Principles

Contents

xii xv xvii xix

6

1

1

1. Edward Evan, ‘Golwg ar ddull y llywodraeth yn Lloegr pan ddaeth Wiliam a Mari i lywodraethu’ (A view of the manner of government in England when William and Mary came to govern) 64

2. Edward Evan, ‘Cywydd a wnaed yn amser rhyfel rhyngom a Ffrainc’ (Acywyddcomposed in the time of war between us and France) 70

3. Ioan Siencyn, ‘Englynion ar y rhyfel presennol yn Ffrainc 1794’ (Englynion on the present war in France 1794) 74

4. [Edward] Lewis, ‘Ar y gwrthrhyfel mawr yn Ffrainc pan torrwyd pen Brenin Lewis yr 16eg a’i frenhines’ (On the great rebellion in France when King Louis XVI and his queen were beheaded) 80

5. Jonathan Hughes, ‘Cerdd o anogaeth i lanciau chwe sir Gwynedd, am godi yn glau ym mhlaid Britannia . . .’ (A poem of encouragement to the lads of Gwynedd’s six counties for rising quickly in the cause of Britannia . . .) 88

6. Jonathan Hughes, ‘Cwynfan Britannia yn ei galar a’i thristwch am ei phriflyngesydd (Arglwydd Horatio Nelson) yr hwn a laddwyd yn y frwydr gerllaw Trafalgar, 21 Hydref 1805’ (Britannia’s lament in her grief and her sorrow for her admiral (Lord Horatio Nelson) who was killed in the battle near Trafalgar, 21 October 1805) 94

viii

CONTENTS

7. William Jones, ‘Awdl ar y pedwar mesur ar hugain i ryddid a thrais’ (Anawdlin the twentyfour metres to liberty and oppression) 102

8. William Jones, ‘Am y rhyfel, yn eisteddfod Dolgellau 1794’ (About the war, in Dolgellau eisteddfod 1794) 110

9. John Williams, ‘Cywydd mewn perthynas i’r amser presennol, 11 Hydref 1793’ (Acywydd112in relation to the present time, 11 October 1793)

10. John Thomas (Pentrefoelas), ‘Dangosiad achos y blinder a’r drudaniaeth yn amser rhyfel Ffrainc’ (A demonstration of the cause of the tribulation and famine experienced in the time of the French war) 120

11. John Thomas (Pentrefoelas), ‘Dydd ympryd, 12 Mawrth 1800’ (Fastday, 12 March 1800) 126

12. John Thomas (Pentrefoelas), ‘Annerch i’r Cymry yn amser y rhyfel 1803’ (An address to the Welsh in the time of war 1803) 128

13. David Davis, ‘Chwyldroad Ffrainc’ (France’s Revolution)

132

14. David Davis, ‘Y ddwy ffurflywodraeth’ (The two forms of government)  138

15. David Davis, ‘Hymn ar ddydd ympryd’ (A hymn on a fastday)

140

16. David Davis, ‘Atebiad i gywydd heddwch a gant Tomos Glyn Cothi’ (An answer to thecywydd146to peace by Tomos Glyn Cothi)

17. Edward Williams, ‘Hymn i Siôr y Crinwas’ (A hymn to George the Miser)  148

18. Edward Williams, ‘Breiniau dyn’ (Rights of man)

154

19. Edward Williams, ‘[Englyn i freiniau dyn 1]’ ([Anenglynto the rights of man 1]) 162

20. Edward Williams, ‘[Englyn i freiniau dyn 2]’ ([Anenglynto the rights of man 2]) 164

21. ?Edward Williams, ‘[Breiniau dyn (“Newgate Stanzas”)]’ ([Rights of man (‘Newgate Stanzas’)]) 166

22. Edward Williams, ‘Englynion ar yr hen ddihareb “heb ddysg, heb ddawn”’ (Englynionon the old proverb ‘there is no genius without learning’) 174

23. Edward Williams, ‘Trioedd yr offeiriad a gant Iolo Morganwg yng Ngorsedd yr Alban Hefin ar ben [Mynydd] y Garth ym Morgannwg 1797’ (The priest’s